Kobayashi M, Shimizu S
Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Japan.
Eur J Biochem. 1999 Apr;261(1):1-9. doi: 10.1046/j.1432-1327.1999.00186.x.
In the form of vitamin B12, cobalt plays a number of crucial roles in many biological functions. However, recent studies have provided information on the biochemistry and bioinorganic chemistry of several proteins containing cobalt in a form other than that in the corrin ring of vitamin B12. To date, eight noncorrin-cobalt-containing enzymes (methionine aminopeptidase, prolidase, nitrile hydratase, glucose isomerase, methylmalonyl-CoA carboxytransferase, aldehyde decarbonylase, lysine-2,3-aminomutase, and bromoperoxidase) have been isolated and characterized. A cobalt transporter is involved in the metallocenter biosynthesis of the host cobalt-containing enzyme, nitrile hydratase. Understanding the differences between cobalt and nickel transporters might lead to drug development for gastritis and peptic ulceration.
钴以维生素B12的形式在许多生物学功能中发挥着若干关键作用。然而，最近的研究提供了一些含有钴的蛋白质的生物化学和生物无机化学信息，这些蛋白质中的钴并非以维生素B12的咕啉环形式存在。迄今为止，已分离并鉴定出八种不含咕啉钴的酶（甲硫氨酸氨基肽酶、脯氨酰肽酶、腈水合酶、葡萄糖异构酶、甲基丙二酰辅酶A羧基转移酶、醛脱羰酶、赖氨酸-2,3-氨基变位酶和溴过氧化物酶）。一种钴转运蛋白参与了宿主含钴酶腈水合酶的金属中心生物合成。了解钴转运蛋白和镍转运蛋白之间的差异可能会推动胃炎和消化性溃疡药物的开发。
