Lloyd P
Department of Public Health, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
J Health Adm Educ. 1994 Spring;12(2):187-207.
Competency-based health management research, commonly undertaken by educationalists, has tended to draw upon the attitudes and beliefs of managers from the curative, institutional/bureaucratic health care sector. With traditional health care priorities being questioned in many industrialized countries, and in particular with greater attention being paid to the concepts underlying the "Health for All" (or what is known in Australia perhaps more commonly as the "New Public Health") movement, there would seem to be a need to broaden competency-based research to incorporate the attitudes of practitioners managing non-curative health services and programs. To this end an exploratory qualitative research project involving New Public Health managers in a series of semi-structured focus sessions was undertaken. The discussions were transcribed and analyzed to identify and isolate the features perceived to be essential for effective New Public Health practice and its management. While consensus was not apparent even on definitional issues, certain qualities were seen as necessary in the effective public health manager. In particular "key figure" attributes--charisma, commitment, and drive--were rated highly, as were the abilities to function in a loosely regulated environment while at the same time dealing with bureaucratic processes.
基于能力的健康管理研究通常由教育工作者开展，倾向于借鉴治疗性、机构/官僚式医疗保健部门管理人员的态度和信念。在许多工业化国家，传统医疗保健重点受到质疑，特别是随着对“全民健康”（在澳大利亚可能更常被称为“新公共卫生”）运动背后概念的更多关注，似乎有必要扩大基于能力的研究，以纳入管理非治疗性健康服务和项目的从业者的态度。为此，开展了一个探索性定性研究项目，在一系列半结构化焦点会议中涉及新公共卫生管理人员。对讨论内容进行了转录和分析，以识别和分离出被认为对有效的新公共卫生实践及其管理至关重要的特征。即使在定义问题上也没有明显的共识，但某些特质被视为有效公共卫生管理人员所必需的。特别是“关键人物”属性——魅力、承诺和动力——得到了高度评价，在宽松监管环境中运作同时处理官僚程序的能力也是如此。
