McDonnell S, Brennan M, Burnham G, Tarantola D
Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore.
Health Policy Plan. 1994 Dec;9(4):429-37. doi: 10.1093/heapol/9.4.429.
The HIV/AIDS pandemic continues to gather momentum in many developing countries, increasing the already heavy burden on health care facilities. As a result, donors, implementing partners and communities are beginning to create home-based care programmes to provide care for persons with HIV/AIDS. This paper recommends reorienting this home care provision as a service founded in, and coming from, the community rather than the health system. A methodology, in the form of an assessment matrix, is provided to facilitate the assessment of a community's capacity to provide care for people with AIDS. The focus is on rapid assessment methods using, where possible, readily available information to clearly and systematically define current circumstances. The matrix created for a specific community is then used in the development of an action plan with interventions prioritized and tailored to local needs. A case study from a hypothetical developing country, where HIV/AIDS is a significant problem, is used to illustrate the process.
在许多发展中国家，艾滋病毒/艾滋病大流行的势头仍在加剧，这使得本已沉重的医疗保健设施负担愈发加重。因此，捐助方、执行伙伴和社区开始着手创建居家护理项目，为艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者提供护理。本文建议将这种居家护理服务重新定位为一项源于社区而非卫生系统的服务。本文提供了一种以评估矩阵形式呈现的方法，以便利对社区为艾滋病患者提供护理的能力进行评估。重点在于快速评估方法，尽可能利用现有的信息来清晰、系统地界定当前状况。为特定社区创建的矩阵随后用于制定行动计划，其中的干预措施按优先级排列并根据当地需求进行调整。本文通过一个假设的发展中国家的案例研究来说明这一过程，在该国，艾滋病毒/艾滋病是一个严重问题。
