Kishchuk N, Anbar F, O'Loughlin J, Masson P, Sacks-Silver G
Community Health Department, Montreal General Hospital, Quebec.
Am J Health Promot. 1991 May-Jun;5(5):355-9. doi: 10.4278/0890-1171-5.5.355.
Printed health promotion materials are widely believed to be an efficient means of achieving basic health promotion objectives, such as increasing knowledge of risk factors. This study examined the efficiency of cardiovascular health promotion leaflets in reaching employees in a heterogeneous sample of worksites.
Two types of distribution were used: copies of the leaflets were either made available centrally or distributed to each individual employee. Interviews were conducted with 272 employees in six worksites. Respondents were asked whether they recognized, had read, and had learned something from the leaflets.
Only one-quarter of respondents recognized the leaflets and only 14% stated that they had learned something. The efficiency of the leaflets was therefore much lower than expected. Z-tests for proportions showed that recognition, reading, and learning were significantly greater among those employees who had been given individual copies of the material. Among those who had been given individual copies, 45% reported recognizing the leaflet, 36% reading it, and 23% learning something from it. Among those who had only central access, the respective scores were 11%, 7% and 6%.
These results suggest that the potential cost-effectiveness of printed materials such as leaflets and brochures should be weighed against alternative forms of intervention, given specific program objectives and characteristics of the target population. They also suggest that the cost and effort required in organizing the distribution of individual copies may be recouped in greater penetration.
人们普遍认为，印刷的健康促进材料是实现基本健康促进目标（如增加对风险因素的了解）的有效手段。本研究调查了心血管健康促进传单在不同类型工作场所中覆盖员工的效率。
采用了两种分发方式：传单副本要么集中提供，要么分发给每位员工。对六个工作场所的272名员工进行了访谈。询问受访者是否认识、阅读过这些传单，以及是否从传单中学到了一些东西。
只有四分之一的受访者认识这些传单，只有14%的人表示从中学到了一些东西。因此，传单的效率远低于预期。比例的Z检验表明，收到材料个人副本的员工在认知、阅读和学习方面的比例显著更高。在收到个人副本的员工中，45%的人报告认识该传单，36%的人阅读过，23%的人从中学到了一些东西。在只能集中获取传单的员工中，相应的比例分别为11%、7%和6%。
这些结果表明，鉴于特定的项目目标和目标人群的特征，应将传单和手册等印刷材料的潜在成本效益与其他干预形式进行权衡。它们还表明，组织分发个人副本所需的成本和努力可能会通过更高的覆盖率得到弥补。
