Jonas J B, Dichtl A
Department of Ophthalmology, University Erlangen-Nurnberg, FRG.
Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 1995 Apr;6(2):61-6. doi: 10.1097/00055735-199504000-00010.
Looking for early glaucomatous changes in the morphology of the optic disc and retinal nerve fiber layer, ocular hypertensive subjects should be checked to determine 1) whether the neuroretinal rim has its characteristic physiologic form with its largest parts in the inferior and superior disc regions and its smaller part in the temporal disc sector; 2) whether zone beta of the parapapillary chorioretinal atrophy is present or whether zone alpha is abnormally large; 3) whether the visibility of the retinal nerve fiber layer is diffusely reduced; and 4) whether localized defects of the retinal nerve fiber layer can be detected. Usually not occurring in normal eyes, an optic disc hemorrhage also indicates abnormality. These variables can be evaluated in every routine ophthalmoscopic examination, or by applying sophisticated techniques such as the scanning laser tomography and measurement of the height and contour of the parapapillary retinal nerve fiber layer.
为了寻找青光眼早期视盘和视网膜神经纤维层形态的改变，对高眼压患者应进行检查以确定：1）神经视网膜边缘是否具有其特征性的生理形态，即视盘上下区域最大而颞侧视盘部分较小；2）视乳头周围脉络膜视网膜萎缩的β区是否存在，或者α区是否异常增大；3）视网膜神经纤维层的可见度是否普遍降低；4）是否能检测到视网膜神经纤维层的局部缺损。视盘出血通常不会出现在正常眼睛中，也表明存在异常。这些变量可在每次常规眼底检查中进行评估，或通过应用复杂技术，如扫描激光断层扫描以及测量视乳头周围视网膜神经纤维层的高度和轮廓来评估。
