Carter W B, Omenn G S, Martin M, Crump C, Grunbaum J A, Williams O D
University of Washington, Seattle, 98195-7230, USA.
Am J Health Promot. 1995 Nov-Dec;10(2):140-7. doi: 10.4278/0890-1171-10.2.140.
To describe how well-established health promotion programs at selected federal worksites were designed, organized, and implemented and to identify factors related to employee participation.
This descriptive study related characteristics of the health promotion program, worksites, and workforce to employee participation and perceptions of program impacts.
The study was conducted at 10 established federal worksite health promotion programs in various regions of the country.
A total of 3403 of 5757 federal employees (59%) sampled completed employee surveys.
Study data were collected from on-site observations, interviews, focus groups, and employee surveys.
Overall, program participation rates were high, and employees reported positive impacts on their health and attitudes toward the agency. Participation in health screening, perceived program convenience, and perceived support by management and others were important determinants of participation and of perceived work-related outcomes.
Although site selection and response rate limit generalizability, the sites evaluated represent a broad cross-section of different types and sizes of agencies. The findings should be relevant in many other settings. Study programs compare favorably with private sector programs. Employees viewed the programs very positively. The most cogent challenge in justifying these, and perhaps other, worksite programs is that most participants already or simultaneously engage in health promotion activities elsewhere "on their own."
描述选定联邦工作场所既定的健康促进计划是如何设计、组织和实施的，并确定与员工参与相关的因素。
这项描述性研究将健康促进计划、工作场所和劳动力的特征与员工参与度及对计划影响的认知联系起来。
该研究在全国不同地区的10个既定联邦工作场所健康促进计划中进行。
在抽取的5757名联邦雇员中，共有3403人（59%）完成了员工调查。
研究数据通过现场观察､访谈､焦点小组和员工调查收集。
总体而言，计划参与率很高，员工报告称对他们的健康以及对机构的态度产生了积极影响。参与健康筛查、感知到的计划便利性以及感知到的管理层和其他人的支持是参与度和感知到的与工作相关结果的重要决定因素。
尽管选址和回复率限制了研究结果的普遍性，但所评估的场所代表了不同类型和规模机构的广泛样本。这些发现应该在许多其他环境中具有相关性。研究计划与私营部门计划相比具有优势。员工对这些计划评价很高。在为这些以及可能的其他工作场所计划进行辩护时，最有说服力的挑战是大多数参与者已经或同时在其他地方“自行”参与健康促进活动。
