Holman C D, Donovan R J, Corti B, Jalleh G
Department of Public Health, University of Western Australia.
Am J Health Promot. 1997 Jan-Feb;11(3):169-76. doi: 10.4278/0890-1171-11.3.169.
The study examines the association of involvement in sports and arts with five health risk factors. The aims were to evaluate the argument that promotion of sports alone will achieve health objectives and to assess the suitability of sports and arts populations as targets for health promotion sponsorship.
Personal and telephone cross-sectional surveys were performed in Western Australia in 1992 (N = 2629) and 1994 (N = 2031).
Sports and arts venues in Western Australia.
Random samples of household respondents aged 16 to 69 years.
Measures of association between risk factors and involvement in sports and the arts were adjusted for sex, age, residence, income, and other types of sports/arts involvement.
Spectators attending sports events, who were not members of organized sports clubs, were more likely to possess three or more risk factors than nonparticipants (OR = 1.43; 95% CI 1.20-1.70). They were more likely to report cigarette smoking, unsafe alcohol drinking, and poor sun protection practices. Sports club members had a similar profile of risk factors, except that their prevalence of smoking was reduced and they were much less likely to report inadequate physical exercise. The most elevated risk factor in sports populations was unsafe alcohol drinking (OR = 1.81 in club members, 1.88 in spectators, and 2.25 in spectators who were also members). Arts populations were less likely than average to report elevated risk factors, especially in the case of members of arts organizations who also attended arts events (for three or more risk factors, OR = 0.59; 95% CI .45-.75). However, the majority of arts respondents had at least two risk factors. Levels of inadequate exercise in arts populations were the same as those in sports populations.
The promotion of sports alone is unlikely to achieve health objectives. Highest priority in the use of health promotion sponsorship funds should be given to the populations attending sports events and involved as members of sports clubs. Investment in arts sponsorship is warranted, but at a lower level than health sponsorship of sports.
本研究探讨参与体育和艺术活动与五种健康风险因素之间的关联。其目的在于评估仅通过推广体育活动就能实现健康目标这一观点，并评估体育和艺术活动人群作为健康促进赞助目标的适宜性。
1992年（N = 2629）和1994年（N = 2031）在西澳大利亚进行了个人和电话横断面调查。
西澳大利亚的体育和艺术场馆。
年龄在16至69岁的家庭受访者随机样本。
针对风险因素与参与体育和艺术活动之间的关联测量，对性别、年龄、居住情况、收入以及其他类型的体育/艺术活动参与情况进行了调整。
观看体育赛事的观众（他们并非有组织体育俱乐部的成员）比不参与者更有可能拥有三种或更多风险因素（比值比 = 1.43；95%置信区间1.20 - 1.70）。他们更有可能报告吸烟、不安全饮酒以及防晒措施不当。体育俱乐部成员的风险因素情况类似，只是他们的吸烟率有所降低，且报告体育锻炼不足的可能性要小得多。体育人群中最突出的风险因素是不安全饮酒（俱乐部成员的比值比 = 1.81，观众的比值比 = 1.88，同时也是俱乐部成员的观众的比值比 = 2.25）。艺术活动人群报告风险因素升高的可能性低于平均水平，尤其是对于那些也是艺术活动参与者的艺术组织成员（对于三种或更多风险因素，比值比 = 0.59；95%置信区间0.45 - 0.75）。然而，大多数艺术活动受访者至少有两种风险因素。艺术活动人群中体育锻炼不足的水平与体育人群相同。
仅推广体育活动不太可能实现健康目标。在使用健康促进赞助资金时，应将最高优先级给予观看体育赛事的人群以及作为体育俱乐部成员参与其中的人群。对艺术赞助进行投资是有必要的，但投资水平应低于对体育的健康赞助。
