Bond V, Dover P
Department of Sociology and Social Anthropology, Hull University, UK.
Health Transit Rev. 1997;7 Suppl:377-91.
Understanding cultural attitudes to condoms is of the utmost importance in promoting their use as a means of protection against HIV transmission. This article examines condom use in relation to what people see as the purpose of sex, what good sex entails and how this relates to ideas of being a proper woman or man. It seems that the underlying and pervasive ideal is that sex is essentially a procreative act, since an emphasis on male potency and male and female fertility often overrides anxieties about contracting HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases. Hence condom use is usually only negotiated within some short-term relationships and then not consistently. Whilst both men and women have negative attitudes to condoms, women because of their economic and ideological dependence on men are in a much weaker position to negotiate condom use.
了解人们对避孕套的文化态度对于推广使用避孕套以预防艾滋病毒传播至关重要。本文探讨了避孕套的使用与人们对性的目的、美好性爱的内涵以及这与成为合适的女性或男性观念之间的关系。似乎潜在且普遍存在的观念是，性本质上是一种生殖行为，因为对男性性能力以及男性和女性生育能力的强调往往超过了对感染艾滋病毒和其他性传播疾病的担忧。因此，避孕套的使用通常只在一些短期关系中被提及，而且并不始终如一。虽然男性和女性对避孕套都持消极态度，但由于女性在经济和观念上对男性的依赖，她们在协商使用避孕套时处于更为弱势的地位。
