Orbital trauma and reconstruction.

This article reviews the most recent topics of investigation concerning orbital trauma and reconstruction. During the past year there have been many articles of interest regarding management of the sequelae to orbital trauma, pathophysiologic process in orbital injury, diagnostic techniques, as well as operative methods, materials, and complications. Recent research has focused on the pathophysiology of traumatic optic neuropathy and visual compromise in orbital hemorrhage. Theories regarding the etiology of atraumatic spontaneous enophthalmos are described. In the realm of orbital reconstruction, rigid fixation systems have ben extensively investigated for use in orbital and facial trauma. Investigators have begun to address the question of potential complications from rigid fixation in children.