Makimoto K, Higuchi S
Department of Nursing, Kanazawa University, Japan.
Int J Epidemiol. 1999 Feb;28(1):30-4. doi: 10.1093/ije/28.1.30.
Age-adjusted liver cancer mortality rates have been increasing for both men and women in Japan since 1970; however, increases in mortality rates in men are much greater than those in women. Hepatitis C virus infections and heavy alcohol consumption are considered to be the major risk factors of liver cancer deaths in Japanese. The purpose of this study is (1) to examine the pattern of liver cancer mortality by gender and birth year to compare those with the pattern of other alcohol-related mortality and (2) to estimate the attributable risk per cent of heavy alcohol consumption for liver cancer deaths in Japanese men.
Age-specific liver cancer mortality rates by gender were compared with those of cirrhosis mortality rates. Then male-to-female mortality rate ratios were calculated by birth cohort and compared with cirrhosis mortality rate ratios and oesophageal cancer mortality rate ratios. The attributable risk per cent of alcohol consumption for liver cancer death was calculated, using female liver cancer mortality rates as standard rates.
Examination of both gender and birth cohort mortality rates revealed that male-to-female liver cancer mortality rate ratios by birth cohort correspond well with those rate ratios for liver cirrhosis and oesophageal cancer mortality. The attributable risk per cent of alcohol consumption for liver cancer deaths in Japanese men was 70%.
Alcohol consumption is more important than hepatitis C virus infections as a major cause of liver cancer deaths in Japanese men.
自1970年以来，日本男性和女性的年龄调整后肝癌死亡率均呈上升趋势；然而，男性死亡率的上升幅度远大于女性。丙型肝炎病毒感染和大量饮酒被认为是日本肝癌死亡的主要危险因素。本研究的目的是：（1）按性别和出生年份检查肝癌死亡率模式，以与其他酒精相关死亡率模式进行比较；（2）估计大量饮酒对日本男性肝癌死亡的归因风险百分比。
将按性别划分的特定年龄肝癌死亡率与肝硬化死亡率进行比较。然后按出生队列计算男女死亡率之比，并与肝硬化死亡率之比和食管癌死亡率之比进行比较。以女性肝癌死亡率作为标准率，计算饮酒对肝癌死亡的归因风险百分比。
对性别和出生队列死亡率的检查显示，按出生队列划分的男女肝癌死亡率之比与肝硬化和食管癌死亡率的比率相当。日本男性饮酒对肝癌死亡的归因风险百分比为70%。
在日本男性中，饮酒作为肝癌死亡的主要原因比丙型肝炎病毒感染更为重要。
