Cancer Control Policy, Canadian Cancer Society, Toronto, ON.
Curr Oncol. 2013 Feb;20(1):e40-3. doi: 10.3747/co.20.1190.
Although primary liver cancer is rare, its incidence rate has been rising quickly in Canada, more than tripling since the early 1980s. This cancer is more common in men than women, and the age-specific incidence rates in men have been increasing significantly in all age groups from 40 years of age onward. The death rate has followed a similar upward trajectory, in part because of the low 5-year survival rate of 18% in both sexes. Infection with the hepatitis B or C virus continues to be the most common risk factor, but other factors may also play a role. Risk reduction strategies, such as viral hepatitis screening, have been recommended in other countries and warrant consideration in Canada as part of a coordinated strategy of disease prevention and control.
尽管原发性肝癌较为罕见，但在加拿大，其发病率自 20 世纪 80 年代初以来迅速上升，增幅超过两倍。这种癌症在男性中比女性更为常见，而且从 40 岁开始，所有年龄段的男性的年龄特异性发病率都在显著上升。死亡率也呈现出类似的上升趋势，部分原因是两性的 5 年生存率均较低，仅为 18%。乙型肝炎或丙型肝炎病毒感染仍然是最常见的危险因素，但其他因素也可能起作用。在其他国家，已经推荐了降低风险的策略，如病毒性肝炎筛查，加拿大也应该考虑作为疾病预防和控制的协调战略的一部分。
