Barbeau P, Gutin B, Litaker M, Owens S, Riggs S, Okuyama T
Georgia Prevention Institute, Department of Pediatrics, and the Office of Biostatistics, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta 30912-3710, USA.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1999 Apr;69(4):705-11. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/69.4.705.
No studies have been reported in children that assess correlates of body-composition changes in response to a physical training intervention.
The hypothesis studied was that variation in diet and physical activity would explain a significant portion of the interindividual variation in the response of body composition to physical training.
The participants were 71 obese children aged 7-11 y (22 boys, 49 girls; 31 whites, 40 blacks). Body composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, physical activity by a 7-d recall interview, and diet by two, 2-d recalls. The children underwent 4 mo of physical training.
The mean attendance was 4 d/wk, the mean (+/-SD) heart rate for the 40-min sessions was 157 +/- 7 beats/min, and the mean energy expenditure was 946 +/- 201 kJ/session. On average, the percentage body fat decreased significantly in the total group, and total mass, fat-free soft tissue, bone mineral content, and bone mineral density increased, but there was a good deal of individual variability. Multiple regression models indicated that in general, more frequent attendance, being a boy, lower energy intake, and more vigorous activity were associated with healthier body-composition changes with physical training. Ethnicity was not retained as a correlate of the change of any component of body composition.
In obese children, age, vigorous activity, diet, and baseline percentage body fat together accounted for 25% of the variance in the change in percentage body fat with physical training.
尚无关于儿童的研究报告评估体育训练干预后身体成分变化的相关因素。
本研究的假设是，饮食和体育活动的变化将解释身体成分对体育训练反应中个体间差异的很大一部分。
参与者为71名7至11岁的肥胖儿童（22名男孩，49名女孩；31名白人，40名黑人）。通过双能X线吸收法测量身体成分，通过7天回忆访谈法测量体育活动，通过两次2天回忆法测量饮食。这些儿童接受了4个月的体育训练。
平均出勤率为每周4天，40分钟训练课程的平均（±标准差）心率为157±7次/分钟，平均能量消耗为946±201千焦/课程。总体而言，平均体脂百分比在总人群中显著下降，总体质量、去脂软组织、骨矿物质含量和骨矿物质密度增加，但个体差异较大。多元回归模型表明，一般来说，出勤更频繁、为男孩、能量摄入较低以及活动更剧烈与体育训练后更健康的身体成分变化相关。种族并未作为身体成分任何组成部分变化的相关因素保留下来。
在肥胖儿童中，年龄、剧烈活动、饮食和基线体脂百分比共同占体育训练后体脂百分比变化方差的25%。
