Pérez-Padilla J R, Regalado-Pineda J, Morán-Mendoza A O
Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Tlalpan, México.
Gac Med Mex. 1999 Jan-Feb;135(1):19-29.
A high proportion of the world population, especially in developing countries, is exposed to indoor pollutants produced by inefficient biomass stoves. The levels of pollutants, including toxins and carcinogens in the kitchen are usually very high. This potential pathogenic exposure has been scarcely studied. The exposure to biomass smoke has been associated to chronic bronchitis and chronic airflow obstruction in adults and to acute respiratory infections in children. At the National Institute of Pulmonary Diseases in Mexico, we have observed the entire spectrum of diseases associated with tobacco in people who never smoked and who were exposed to wood smoke. Women exposed to wood smoke had a five-fold risk of chronic bronchitis and chronic airflow obstruction, as compared to the non-exposed, according to a recent case-control study done at our Institute. The indoor levels of suspended particles smaller than 10 microns were frequently above 1,000 micrograms/m3 in a rural community in the state of Mexico. This information supports a causal role for biomass smoke for the genesis of several respiratory diseases, representing a potentially public health problem.
世界上很大一部分人口，尤其是发展中国家的人口，暴露于低效生物质炉灶产生的室内污染物中。厨房中的污染物水平，包括毒素和致癌物，通常非常高。这种潜在的致病暴露情况几乎没有得到研究。生物质烟雾暴露与成年人的慢性支气管炎和慢性气流阻塞以及儿童的急性呼吸道感染有关。在墨西哥国家肺病研究所，我们观察到了从不吸烟但接触木烟的人群中与烟草相关的各种疾病。根据我们研究所最近进行的一项病例对照研究，接触木烟的女性患慢性支气管炎和慢性气流阻塞的风险是非接触者的五倍。在墨西哥州的一个农村社区，小于10微米的悬浮颗粒室内水平经常超过1000微克/立方米。这些信息支持了生物质烟雾在多种呼吸道疾病发生中起因果作用，这是一个潜在的公共卫生问题。
