Alleman A R, Jacobson E R, Raskin R E
Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gainesville 32610, USA.
Am J Vet Res. 1999 Apr;60(4):507-14.
To evaluate light microscopic, cytochemical, and ultrastructural characteristics of blood cells from eastern diamondback rattlesnakes.
10 healthy snakes.
Various stains, including Wright-Giemsa, benzidine peroxidase, Sudan black B, chloroacetate esterase, alpha-naphthyl butyrate esterase, acid phosphatase, leukocyte alkaline phosphatase, periodic acid-Schiff with diastase, and toluidine blue, were used to stain leukocytes differentially on multiple blood smears. Electron microscopy also was performed.
Lymphocytes were the most commonly observed leukocyte and could be distinguished from thrombocytes, using periodic acid-Schiff stain with diastase. Azurophils also were commonly observed; their granules stained with peroxidase. Eosinophils were not identified; however, 2 morphologic variations of heterophils were seen in the blood of all snakes and were considered the same cell type at different stages of cytoplasmic granule development. Heterophil granules were better preserved, using a one-step Wright-Giemsa method that did not require alcohol fixation prior to staining. Degranulated heterophils were observed in all preparations.
Most leukocytes of eastern diamondback rattlesnakes can be identified easily on Wright-Giemsa-stained preparations. However, hematologic stains that do not require alcohol fixing prior to staining may be preferred for leukocyte evaluation in certain reptiles. A limited degree of heterophil maturation may continue in the blood of healthy snakes. This, along with degranulation of heterophils, may result in a variable staining pattern in this cell type, regardless of the stain used.
Results provide baseline data for use in hematologic testing in diagnosis of disease and monitoring of treatment of sick or injured snakes.
评估东部菱斑响尾蛇血细胞的光学显微镜、细胞化学和超微结构特征。
10条健康的蛇。
使用多种染色剂，包括瑞氏-吉姆萨染色剂、联苯胺过氧化物酶、苏丹黑B、氯乙酸酯酶、α-萘丁酸酯酶、酸性磷酸酶、白细胞碱性磷酸酶、淀粉酶消化过的过碘酸-希夫染色剂和甲苯胺蓝，对多张血涂片上的白细胞进行鉴别染色。还进行了电子显微镜检查。
淋巴细胞是最常见的白细胞，使用淀粉酶消化过的过碘酸-希夫染色剂可将其与血小板区分开来。嗜天青粒细胞也很常见；其颗粒用过氧化物酶染色。未发现嗜酸性粒细胞；然而，在所有蛇的血液中均观察到2种异嗜性粒细胞的形态变异，被认为是同一细胞类型在细胞质颗粒发育的不同阶段。使用一步法瑞氏-吉姆萨染色法（染色前无需酒精固定），异嗜性粒细胞的颗粒保存得更好。在所有制剂中均观察到脱颗粒的异嗜性粒细胞。
东部菱斑响尾蛇的大多数白细胞在瑞氏-吉姆萨染色的制剂上可轻松识别。然而，对于某些爬行动物的白细胞评估，染色前无需酒精固定的血液学染色剂可能更受青睐。健康蛇的血液中可能会持续存在有限程度的异嗜性粒细胞成熟。这与异嗜性粒细胞的脱颗粒一起，可能导致该细胞类型出现可变的染色模式，无论使用何种染色剂。
研究结果为患病或受伤蛇的疾病诊断和治疗监测中的血液学检测提供了基线数据。
