Mormontoy Wilfredo, Gastañaga Carmen, Gonzales Gustavo F
Departament of Statistics, Demography, Humanity and Social Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Philosophy, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.
Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2006 Nov;209(6):497-502. doi: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2006.04.010. Epub 2006 Jun 21.
Lead contamination is a public health problem of world-wide scope that negatively affects the health of especially women and children. Nevertheless, studies on lead contamination and its impact on health in Peru are limited. The objective of the present study was to determine blood lead levels (BLL) of traffic police officers in Lima and Callao compared with values in police officers working indoors and with data obtained in 1992. The study was performed in May-June 2004 and included 52 traffic officers and 50 officers working in police stations in the north, center and east of Lima and Callao, Peru. Both groups were of similar age. The dependent variables were arterial blood pressure and BLL obtained in each officer. In addition a questionnaire was applied to evaluate risk factors for lead exposure. In 2004, the average BLL in traffic police officers was higher (44.7+/-6.1microg/l) than that of indoor police officers (39.3+/-8.2microg/l) (p=0.0001). However, none of the police officers had BLL of over 100microg/l. No differences were observed in the location of the residences of the participants and the respective traffic density. Those over 30 years of age had a higher risk of having a BLL over 42microg/l than younger officers (odds ratio (OR)=4.45). Traffic police officers had a higher risk of BLL >42microg/l (OR=4.80). Compared with data from 1992 obtained from the literature, an important reduction has been observed in 2004. This may be a consequence of the policy to eliminate leaded gasoline in Peru. However, it is still necessary to monitor this policy to ensure the elimination of lead in gasoline.
铅污染是一个全球性的公共卫生问题，对尤其是妇女和儿童的健康产生负面影响。然而，关于秘鲁铅污染及其对健康影响的研究有限。本研究的目的是确定利马和卡亚俄市交警的血铅水平（BLL），并与在室内工作的警察的血铅水平以及1992年获得的数据进行比较。该研究于2004年5月至6月进行，纳入了秘鲁利马和卡亚俄市北部、中部和东部警察局工作的52名交警和50名警察。两组年龄相似。因变量是每位警察的动脉血压和血铅水平。此外，还应用了一份问卷来评估铅暴露的危险因素。2004年，交警的平均血铅水平（44.7±6.1μg/l）高于室内警察（39.3±8.2μg/l）（p = 0.0001）。然而，没有一名警察的血铅水平超过100μg/l。在参与者的居住地点和各自的交通密度方面未观察到差异。30岁以上的人血铅水平超过42μg/l的风险高于年轻警察（优势比（OR）= 4.45）。交警血铅水平>42μg/l的风险更高（OR = 4.80）。与1992年文献中的数据相比，2004年观察到有显著下降。这可能是秘鲁消除含铅汽油政策的结果。然而，仍有必要监测该政策以确保消除汽油中的铅。
