Piggott M A, Marshall E F, Thomas N, Lloyd S, Court J A, Jaros E, Costa D, Perry R H, Perry E K
MRC Neurochemical Pathology Unit, Newcastle General Hospital, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK.
Neuroscience. 1999 May;90(2):433-45. doi: 10.1016/s0306-4522(98)00465-5.
The human striatum, which receives dopaminergic innervation from the substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area (cell groups A8, A9 and A10), has structural and functional subdivisions both rostrocaudally and dorsoventrally. These relate to motor and non-motor origins of cortical projections and the specific areas of the substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area providing dopaminergic innervation. In the present study, we have evaluated the distribution of a number of dopaminergic parameters in the caudate, putamen and nucleus accumbens at separate coronal levels in a post mortem study in a series of elderly normal individuals aged 55-94 years, with analysis of the effect of post mortem variables. Dopamine D1 receptor density displayed a rostrocaudally declining gradient in the putamen but not in the caudate, such that at levels posterior to the anterior commissure, there was significantly lower D1 binding in the putamen compared to the caudate. The density of dopamine D2 receptors was similar in the putamen and caudate, increasing rostrocaudally. The density of dopamine uptake sites exhibited an increasing rostrocaudal gradient in the caudate, especially ventrally, but not in the putamen, where binding was more constant. The dopamine D3 receptor was concentrated in the ventral striatum, particularly the nucleus accumbens, although there was no evidence of a rostrocaudal gradient. With respect to striosome-matrix compartmentalization, there was no complete segregation, although D1 and D3 receptors were concentrated in striosomes, whereas D2 receptors and uptake sites showed higher density in the matrix. Levels of dopamine were similar in the caudate and putamen, and were significantly elevated at levels including the nucleus accumbens and the anterior commissure. Homovanillic acid and the metabolic index (homovanillic acid/dopamine ratio) were significantly higher in the putamen compared to the caudate, especially at levels from and caudal to the anterior commissure. These distributions of dopamine receptors and metabolic indicators, reflecting the different functional domains of the striatum, are relevant to the interpretation of current in vivo imaging of the dopamine transporter and receptors in neurological and psychiatric disorders. They provide information to assist in the detection of perturbations in expression, in specific diseases, at particular points on rostrocaudal, lateromedial and dorsoventral axes, a level of resolution beyond current neuroimaging capability.
人类纹状体从黑质和腹侧被盖区（细胞群A8、A9和A10）接受多巴胺能神经支配，在前后和背腹方向上都有结构和功能上的细分。这些细分与皮质投射的运动和非运动起源以及提供多巴胺能神经支配的黑质和腹侧被盖区的特定区域有关。在本研究中，我们在一系列年龄为55 - 94岁的老年正常个体的尸检研究中，评估了多个多巴胺能参数在尾状核、壳核和伏隔核不同冠状层面的分布，并分析了尸检变量的影响。多巴胺D1受体密度在壳核中呈现出前后递减的梯度，但在尾状核中没有，以至于在前连合后方的层面，壳核中的D1结合显著低于尾状核。多巴胺D2受体密度在壳核和尾状核中相似，呈前后递增趋势。多巴胺摄取位点密度在尾状核中呈现出前后递增的梯度，尤其是在腹侧，但在壳核中没有，壳核中的结合更为恒定。多巴胺D3受体集中在腹侧纹状体，特别是伏隔核，尽管没有证据表明存在前后梯度。关于纹状体小体 - 基质分区，虽然没有完全分离，但D1和D3受体集中在纹状体小体中，而D2受体和摄取位点在基质中显示出更高的密度。尾状核和壳核中的多巴胺水平相似，在包括伏隔核和前连合的层面显著升高。与尾状核相比，壳核中的高香草酸和代谢指数（高香草酸/多巴胺比值）显著更高，尤其是在前连合及其后方的层面。这些多巴胺受体和代谢指标的分布反映了纹状体的不同功能域，与当前神经和精神疾病中多巴胺转运体和受体的体内成像解释相关。它们提供信息以协助检测特定疾病在前后、内外侧和背腹轴上特定点的表达扰动，这是目前神经成像能力所无法达到的分辨率水平。
