Klang B, Björvell H, Clyne N
Utveklingsavd, Danderyds Hospital, Sweden.
J Adv Nurs. 1999 Apr;29(4):869-76. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2648.1999.00957.x.
The aims of this study were first, to evaluate the effects of a patient-education programme for a group of 28 uraemic patients (the Experimental (EG) group) with regard to their knowledge and perceived amount of information and to relate these effects to their sense of coherence and secondly, to study the patients' perception of their dialysis treatment. The results were compared with a comparison group (the Companion (CG) group, n = 28) which had received routine information only. The education programme seemed to have covered what the EG wanted to know. Significantly more patients in the EG group stated that they had acquired sufficient knowledge to enable them to participate in choosing dialysis modality compared with the CG group. The EG patients were significantly more informed in the post-educational evaluation compared with the pre-educational evaluation. In the EG, there was a significant relationship between the scores for knowledge and perceived amount of information. Men and younger patients perceived that they had received a greater amount of information than women and older patients. After having started dialysis treatment, there were no differences in the scores for knowledge and information between the EG and the CG. This indicates that other sources of knowledge and information were available to the CG patients. There was no significant correlation between the score of the Sense of Coherence (SOC) scale and the knowledge and information scores. Kidney transplantation, progression of renal failure, other patients' experiences of dialysis, dependence - independence, present and future wellbeing, how to cope with physical and psycho-social demands and continuity in their contacts with doctors and other health professionals were predominant concerns for the two groups of patients.
the predialysis group education programme enabled patients to choose dialysis modality to achieve an understanding of their illness and its treatment. It also provided the possibility of informal support by fellow patients and health professionals. The study emphasizes the special needs of elderly patients and we recommend that education programmes are tailored to their requirements.
本研究的目的首先是评估针对28名尿毒症患者（实验组（EG））的患者教育计划对其知识和感知信息数量的影响，并将这些影响与他们的连贯感相关联；其次是研究患者对其透析治疗的认知。将结果与仅接受常规信息的对照组（陪伴组（CG），n = 28）进行比较。教育计划似乎涵盖了EG组想了解的内容。与CG组相比，EG组中明显更多的患者表示他们已获得足够的知识以参与透析方式的选择。与教育前评估相比，EG组患者在教育后评估中的信息明显更多。在EG组中，知识得分与感知信息数量之间存在显著关系。男性和年轻患者认为他们比女性和老年患者获得了更多的信息。开始透析治疗后，EG组和CG组在知识和信息得分方面没有差异。这表明CG组患者有其他知识和信息来源。连贯感（SOC）量表得分与知识和信息得分之间没有显著相关性。肾移植、肾衰竭进展、其他患者的透析经历、依赖 - 独立、当前和未来的幸福感、如何应对身体和心理社会需求以及与医生和其他医疗专业人员联系的连续性是两组患者主要关心的问题。
透析前组教育计划使患者能够选择透析方式，从而了解自己的疾病及其治疗方法。它还提供了病友和医疗专业人员提供非正式支持的可能性。该研究强调了老年患者的特殊需求，我们建议根据他们的需求制定教育计划。
