Liu J, Chen X, Xu L X
Thermal Engineering Department, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P.R.C.
IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 1999 Apr;46(4):420-8. doi: 10.1109/10.752939.
Comparative studies on the well-known Pennes' equation and the newly developed thermal wave model of bioheat transfer (TWMBT) were performed to investigate the wave like behaviors of bioheat transfer occurred in thermal injury of biological bodies. The one-dimensional TWMBT in a finite medium was solved using separation of variables and the analytical solution showed distinctive wave behaviors of bioheat transfer in skin subjected to instantaneous heating. The finite difference method was used to simulate and study practical problems involved in burn injuries in which skin was stratified as three layers with various thermal physical properties. Deviations between the TWMBT and the traditional Pennes' equation imply that, for high flux heating with extremely short duration (i.e., flash fire), the TWMBT which accounts for finite thermal wave propagation may provide realistic predictions on burn evaluation. A general heat flux criterion has been established to determine when the thermal wave propagation dominates the principal heat transfer process and the TWMBT can be used for tissue temperature prediction and burn evaluation. A preliminary interpretation on the mechanisms of the wave like behaviors of heat transfer in living tissues was conducted. The application of thermal wave theory can also be possibly extended to other medical problems which involve instantaneous heating or cooling.
对著名的彭尼斯方程和新开发的生物热传递热波模型（TWMBT）进行了对比研究，以探究生物体热损伤中发生的生物热传递的波动行为。使用变量分离法求解了有限介质中的一维TWMBT，解析解显示了皮肤在瞬时加热下生物热传递的独特波动行为。采用有限差分法模拟和研究烧伤中涉及的实际问题，其中皮肤被分层为具有不同热物理性质的三层。TWMBT与传统彭尼斯方程之间的偏差表明，对于持续时间极短的高通量加热（即闪燃），考虑有限热波传播的TWMBT可以为烧伤评估提供现实的预测。已经建立了一个通用的热通量准则，以确定热波传播何时主导主要热传递过程，以及TWMBT可用于组织温度预测和烧伤评估。对活体组织中热传递波动行为的机制进行了初步解释。热波理论的应用也可能扩展到其他涉及瞬时加热或冷却的医学问题。
