Chen L C, Goldman D L, Doering T L, Pirofski L a, Casadevall A
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461-2187, USA.
Infect Immun. 1999 May;67(5):2218-24. doi: 10.1128/IAI.67.5.2218-2224.1999.
The prevalence and specificity of serum antibodies to Cryptococcus neoformans proteins was studied in mice and rats with experimental infection, in individuals with or without a history of potential laboratory exposure to C. neoformans, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive individuals who developed cryptococcosis, in matched samples from HIV-positive individuals who did not develop cryptococcosis, and in HIV-negative individuals. Rodents had little or no serum antibody reactive with C. neoformans proteins prior to infection. The intensity and specificity of the rodent antibody response were dependent on the species, the mouse strain, and the viability of the inoculum. All humans had serum antibodies reactive with C. neoformans proteins regardless of the potential exposure, the HIV infection status, or the subsequent development of cryptococcosis. Our results indicate (i) a high prevalence of antibodies reactive with C. neoformans proteins in the sera of rodents after cryptococcal infection and in humans with or without HIV infection; (ii) qualitative and quantitative differences in the antibody profiles of HIV-positive individuals; and (iii) similarities and differences between humans, mice, and rats with respect to the specificity of the antibodies reactive with C. neoformans proteins. The results are consistent with the view that C. neoformans infections are common in human populations, and the results have implications for the development of vaccination strategies against cryptococcosis.
在患有实验性感染的小鼠和大鼠、有或无潜在实验室接触新型隐球菌病史的个体、发生隐球菌病的人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）阳性个体、未发生隐球菌病的HIV阳性个体的匹配样本以及HIV阴性个体中，研究了血清中针对新型隐球菌蛋白的抗体的患病率和特异性。在感染前，啮齿动物几乎没有或没有与新型隐球菌蛋白发生反应的血清抗体。啮齿动物抗体反应的强度和特异性取决于物种、小鼠品系以及接种物的活力。无论有无潜在接触、HIV感染状态或随后是否发生隐球菌病，所有人类都有与新型隐球菌蛋白发生反应的血清抗体。我们的结果表明：（i）新型隐球菌感染后，啮齿动物血清以及有或无HIV感染的人类血清中与新型隐球菌蛋白发生反应的抗体患病率很高；（ii）HIV阳性个体的抗体谱存在定性和定量差异；（iii）在与新型隐球菌蛋白发生反应的抗体特异性方面，人类、小鼠和大鼠之间存在异同。这些结果与新型隐球菌感染在人群中很常见的观点一致，并且这些结果对开发针对隐球菌病的疫苗策略具有启示意义。
