Meier C, Parmantier E, Brennan A, Mirsky R, Jessen K R
Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom.
J Neurosci. 1999 May 15;19(10):3847-59. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.19-10-03847.1999.
Although Schwann cell precursors from early embryonic nerves die in the absence of axonal signals, Schwann cells in older nerves can survive in the absence of axons in the distal stump of transected nerves. This is crucially important, because successful axonal regrowth in a damaged nerve depends on interactions with living Schwann cells in the denervated distal stump. Here we show that Schwann cells acquire the ability to survive without axons by establishing an autocrine survival loop. This mechanism is absent in precursors. We show that insulin-like growth factor, neurotrophin-3, and platelet-derived growth factor-BB are important components of this autocrine survival signal. The secretion of these factors by Schwann cells has significant implications for cellular communication in developing nerves, in view of their known ability to regulate survival and differentiation of other cells including neurons.
虽然早期胚胎神经中的雪旺细胞前体在没有轴突信号的情况下会死亡，但较老神经中的雪旺细胞在横断神经的远端残端中即使没有轴突也能存活。这至关重要，因为受损神经中轴突的成功再生取决于与失神经支配的远端残端中存活的雪旺细胞的相互作用。在这里，我们表明雪旺细胞通过建立自分泌存活环路获得了在没有轴突的情况下存活的能力。前体细胞中不存在这种机制。我们表明胰岛素样生长因子、神经营养因子-3和血小板衍生生长因子-BB是这种自分泌存活信号的重要组成部分。鉴于雪旺细胞分泌这些因子具有调节包括神经元在内的其他细胞存活和分化的已知能力，它们对发育中的神经中的细胞通讯具有重要意义。
