Adams R C, Smith T P, Metts J K, Ross J W
Hosp Pharm. 1979 Nov;14(11):654-6, 659-60, 662.
The applicability of readability to the development of pharmacy educational materials is reviewed. The importance of reading skills must be recognized in all areas of education, including pharmacy patient education. If people are to perform certain tasks, they must understand the instructions for those tasks. To be understandable, the instructions must be written on the reading level of the people who will be following the instructions. Readability has been defined as those characteristics of reading materials, involving certain mental processes, that make for ease or difficulty of comprehension of the reading material. It is the task of the reader to use as few or as many of these mental processes as necessary to grasp the intended meaning of the material. It has been estimated that the average reading level of the American public is approximately 7th to 8th grade. However, many adults do not have sufficient reading skills to comprehend fully material written on these levels. Therefore, pharmacy educational material should be written on the reading level of the patient population it serves. Several readability formulas have been developed to evaluate the various characteristics of reading material that lead to reading comprehension. Among the ones recommended for use with pharmacy educational materials are the Fry Readability Graph and the Gunning Fog Index.
本文回顾了可读性在药学教育材料开发中的适用性。在包括药学患者教育在内的所有教育领域，都必须认识到阅读技能的重要性。如果人们要执行某些任务，就必须理解这些任务的说明。为了便于理解，说明必须以遵循这些说明的人的阅读水平来撰写。可读性被定义为阅读材料的那些特征，涉及某些心理过程，这些特征会导致对阅读材料的理解难易程度。读者的任务是根据需要使用尽可能少或尽可能多的这些心理过程来领会材料的预期含义。据估计，美国公众的平均阅读水平约为七年级至八年级。然而，许多成年人没有足够的阅读技能来完全理解以这些水平撰写的材料。因此，药学教育材料应以其服务的患者群体的阅读水平来编写。已经开发了几种可读性公式来评估导致阅读理解的阅读材料的各种特征。推荐用于药学教育材料的公式包括弗莱可读性图表和冈宁雾度指数。
