Bell R A, LeRoy J B, Stephenson J J
J Community Psychol. 1982 Oct;10(4):325-40. doi: 10.1002/1520-6629(198210)10:4<325::aid-jcop2290100405>3.0.co;2-c.
Previous research has yielded inconsistent results regarding the mediating effects of social support upon psychiatric illness. Using data (N = 2029) gathered as part of a major epidemiologic study in the southeastern United States, the authors examine the relationships among depressive symptoms, social support, stressful life events, and socioeconomic status. As anticipated, direct effects were found for social support, stressful life events, and socioeconomic status upon depressive symptoms. However, when the data were analyzed via three-way analysis of variance and multiple regression (including all possible interaction terms) analysis, no statistically significant interactive effects were found. The authors conclude that these findings clearly demonstrate direct effects of social support and stressful life events upon depressive symptoms. Respondents in the lower social support groups experience the greatest impact of stressful life events; in contrast, persons in high social support groups, although evidencing increased symptom scores with increasing numbers of life events, experience the buffering effect of social support by showing less severe distress.
先前关于社会支持对精神疾病的中介作用的研究结果并不一致。作者利用作为美国东南部一项主要流行病学研究的一部分收集的数据（N = 2029），考察了抑郁症状、社会支持、应激性生活事件和社会经济地位之间的关系。正如预期的那样，发现社会支持、应激性生活事件和社会经济地位对抑郁症状有直接影响。然而，当通过三因素方差分析和多元回归（包括所有可能的交互项）分析数据时，未发现具有统计学意义的交互作用。作者得出结论，这些发现清楚地表明社会支持和应激性生活事件对抑郁症状有直接影响。社会支持水平较低组的受访者受应激性生活事件的影响最大；相比之下，社会支持水平较高组的人虽然随着生活事件数量的增加症状得分也有所上升，但通过表现出较轻的痛苦程度而体验到社会支持的缓冲作用。
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