Jecker N S
Department of Medical History and Ethics, University of Washington, Seattle.
J Med Humanit. 1989 Fall-Winter;10(2):77-90. doi: 10.1007/BF01137571.
The paper begins by drawing a distinction between "allocation"--the distribution of resources between different categories, and "rationing"--the distribution of scarce resources within a single category. I argue that the current allocation of funds to health care makes some form of rationing unavoidable. The paper next considers proposals by Daniel Callahan and Norman Daniels supporting age rationing publicly-financed life-extending medical care. I provide reasons for doubting that either argument succeeds. The final section of the paper sets forth an alternative approach which holds that if people have any rights to health care, then they have a right to a decent minimum.
本文开篇区分了“分配”（即资源在不同类别间的分配）与“定量配给”（即稀缺资源在单一类别内的分配）。我认为当前医疗保健资金的分配使得某种形式的定量配给不可避免。接下来，本文探讨了丹尼尔·卡拉汉和诺曼·丹尼尔斯支持对公共资助的延长生命医疗进行年龄定量配给的提议。我给出了怀疑这两种观点能否成立的理由。本文最后一部分提出了另一种方法，该方法认为，如果人们享有任何医疗保健权利，那么他们有权获得体面的最低保障。
