Hageman G, van der Hoek J, van Hout M, van der Laan G, Steur E J, de Bruin W, Herholz K
Department of Neurology, Medical Spectrum Twente, Hospital Enschede, The Netherlands.
J Neurol. 1999 Mar;246(3):198-206. doi: 10.1007/s004150050334.
It is well known that exposure to manganese, solvents, or carbon monoxide in an occupational setting may lead to central nervous system damage and parkinsonism. The most important solvents in this respect are methanol, toluene, carbon disulfide, and n-hexane. We describe three patients who had been exposed to various solvents for more than 20 years (25, 34, and 46 years). They presented with parkinsonism, pyramidal signs, mild cognitive decline, and unresponsiveness to levodopa. Two patients had a predominantly axonal and sensory polyneuropathy of the lower legs with fasciculations in one of them. Parkinsonian features were progressive, even after the patients had stopped work. We present clinical data, neuropsychological findings, and results of brain computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging, electroneuromyography, evoked potentials, single photon emission computed tomography, and positron-emission tomography. There is growing evidence that various organic solvents give rise to a parkinsonism syndrome with pyramidal features in susceptible individuals.
众所周知，在职业环境中接触锰、溶剂或一氧化碳可能会导致中枢神经系统损伤和帕金森症。在这方面最重要的溶剂是甲醇、甲苯、二硫化碳和正己烷。我们描述了三名接触各种溶剂超过20年（25年、34年和46年）的患者。他们表现出帕金森症、锥体束征、轻度认知衰退以及对左旋多巴无反应。两名患者主要表现为小腿轴索性和感觉性多发性神经病，其中一人伴有肌束震颤。即使在患者停止工作后，帕金森症特征仍在进展。我们展示了临床数据、神经心理学检查结果以及脑计算机断层扫描或磁共振成像、神经电生理学、诱发电位、单光子发射计算机断层扫描和正电子发射断层扫描的结果。越来越多的证据表明，各种有机溶剂会在易感个体中引发具有锥体束征特征的帕金森症综合征。
