Aas H N, Leigh B C, Anderssen N, Jakobsen R
Research Center for Health Promotion, University of Bergen, Norway.
Addiction. 1998 Mar;93(3):373-84. doi: 10.1046/j.1360-0443.1998.9333736.x.
The potential importance of alcohol outcome expectancies in the initiation and maintenance of drinking has been supported by studies showing that these expectancies are present before drinking begins, and that they predict drinking both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. Although initiation of drinking behavior may be influenced by expectancy, subsequent drinking experience may modify expectations. We used structural modeling techniques to investigate the relative influence of expectancy and drinking in a three-wave longitudinal study of Norwegian adolescents.
Survey incorporating self-administered questionnaires.
Twenty-two schools in Hordaland County on the west coast of Norway.
Nine hundred and twenty-four seventh-grade students; 45.7% female.
Alcohol use (frequency, quantity, drunkenness); the Norwegian version of the Alcohol Expectancy Questionnaire for adolescents.
Among students who were already drinkers upon entry into the study, expectations of positive social effects of alcohol predicted drinking longitudinally. Among those who began drinking during the study, these social expectancies predicted drinking initiation, but drinking also influenced subsequent expectancy in the early stages of drinking.
These results support a reciprocal relationship of drinking to positive expectancy, highlighting the importance both of expectancies on influencing drinking, and of early drinking experiences on the development of positive expectancies.
饮酒结果预期在饮酒行为的起始和维持过程中的潜在重要性已得到多项研究的支持，这些研究表明，这些预期在饮酒开始前就已存在，并且在横断面和纵向研究中均能预测饮酒行为。尽管饮酒行为的起始可能受预期影响，但随后的饮酒经历可能会改变预期。我们运用结构建模技术，在一项针对挪威青少年的三波纵向研究中，探究预期和饮酒之间的相对影响。
采用包含自填式问卷的调查。
挪威西海岸霍达兰郡的22所学校。
924名七年级学生；女生占45.7%。
饮酒情况（频率、量、醉酒情况）；青少年饮酒预期问卷的挪威语版本。
在研究开始时就已饮酒的学生中，对酒精积极社会效应的预期能纵向预测饮酒行为。在研究期间开始饮酒的学生中，这些社会预期能预测饮酒行为的起始，但饮酒在饮酒早期阶段也会影响随后的预期。
这些结果支持饮酒与积极预期之间的相互关系，凸显了预期对饮酒行为的影响以及早期饮酒经历对积极预期形成的重要性。
