Head K W, Dixon P M
Department of Veterinary Pathology, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, Roslin, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK.
Vet J. 1999 May;157(3):261-78. doi: 10.1053/tvjl.1998.0370.
The normal gross and histological anatomy of the equine nasal and paranasal sinuses are reviewed and the relationships between the local anatomy, the occurrence of different tumour types, and of tumour spread are examined. The histological classification of the more common equine sinonasal tumours and tumour-like lesions are discussed. Clinical and pathological descriptions of 50 more recently recorded such tumours are separately tabulated. The literature shows that equine sinonasal tumours, both endemic and sporadic, are relatively uncommon in horses, with non-neoplastic growths such as maxillary (sinus) cysts, progressive ethmoid haematoma and inflammatory nasal polyps more commonly recorded. The equine paranasal sinuses, especially the caudal maxillary sinus, are the most common sites for sinonasal tumours and, in contrast to other species, primary nasal tumours are uncommon. The more common tumour types include squamous cell carcinoma that, in some cases, arise in the oral cavity and spread to the maxillary sinuses; adenocarcinomas; bone and dental tumours; fibrosarcomas and haemangiosarcomas. Except for some benign bone tumours, there are few records of successful treatment of equine sinonasal tumours.
回顾了马鼻腔和鼻窦的正常大体及组织解剖结构，并研究了局部解剖结构、不同肿瘤类型的发生以及肿瘤扩散之间的关系。讨论了更常见的马鼻窦肿瘤和肿瘤样病变的组织学分类。另外单独列出了最近记录的50例此类肿瘤的临床和病理描述。文献表明，无论是地方性还是散发性的马鼻窦肿瘤在马中相对不常见，而上颌（鼻窦）囊肿、进行性筛窦血肿和炎性鼻息肉等非肿瘤性生长更为常见。马鼻窦，尤其是上颌后窦，是鼻窦肿瘤最常见的部位，与其他物种不同的是，原发性鼻腔肿瘤并不常见。更常见的肿瘤类型包括鳞状细胞癌，在某些情况下，鳞状细胞癌起源于口腔并扩散至上颌窦；腺癌；骨和牙肿瘤；纤维肉瘤和血管肉瘤。除了一些良性骨肿瘤外，关于马鼻窦肿瘤成功治疗的记录很少。
