Szymanowska A, Samecka-Cymerman A, Kempers A J
Department of Ecology and Nature Protection, Wroclaw University, ul., Kanonia 6/8, Wroclaw, 50-328, Poland.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 1999 May;43(1):21-9. doi: 10.1006/eesa.1998.1747.
Concentrations of heavy metals (Ni, Cr, Co, Zn, Mn, Pb, Cd, Cu, Hg, Fe) as well as macronutrients (P, Ca, Mg) were measured in water, bottom sediments, and plants of three lakes in West Poland (southwest of Poznan). The plants collected were Nymphaea alba, Nuphar luteum, Ceratophyllum demersum, Phragmites communis, Typha latifolia, and Schoenoplectus lacustris. These plants contained elevated levels of Co, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr, and Hg. Analyses of water and bottom sediments indicated that the lakes were polluted with Zn, Cd, Cu, and Pb and partly with Ni and Hg. Strong positive correlations were found between concentrations of Cd in water and in plants, between concentrations of Cd in bottom sediments and in plants, between concentrations of Cr in water and in plants, between concentrations of Cr in bottom sediments and in plants, and between concentrations of Fe in water and in plants, indicating the potential of plants for pollution monitoring for these metals. A negative correlation was found between biomass production and Pb and Mn content in water and Pb and Mn content in bottom sediments. Cr and Cd accumulated in plants at a higher rate from bottom sediments than from water. The accumulation rate of Fe in plant tissues was higher with an increase in Fe in water than with an increase in Fe in bottom sediments.
对波兰西部（波兹南西南部）三个湖泊的水、底泥和植物中的重金属（镍、铬、钴、锌、锰、铅、镉、铜、汞、铁）以及常量营养素（磷、钙、镁）浓度进行了测量。采集的植物有白睡莲、欧洲萍蓬草、金鱼藻、芦苇、宽叶香蒲和黑三棱。这些植物中的钴、锌、铅、镉、铬和汞含量升高。对水和底泥的分析表明，这些湖泊受到锌、镉、铜和铅污染，部分受到镍和汞污染。发现水中镉浓度与植物中镉浓度、底泥中镉浓度与植物中镉浓度、水中铬浓度与植物中铬浓度、底泥中铬浓度与植物中铬浓度以及水中铁浓度与植物中铁浓度之间存在强正相关，表明植物具有监测这些金属污染的潜力。发现生物量生产与水中铅和锰含量以及底泥中铅和锰含量之间存在负相关。铬和镉从底泥中积累到植物中的速率高于从水中积累的速率。随着水中铁含量的增加，植物组织中铁的积累速率高于底泥中铁含量增加时的积累速率。
