Shafer R W, Vuitton D A
Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University, CA 94305, USA.
Biomed Pharmacother. 1999 Mar;53(2):73-86. doi: 10.1016/s0753-3322(99)80063-8.
Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) refers to a broad category of treatment regimens usually comprised of three or more antiretroviral drugs that, in previously untreated HIV-1-infected patients, are expected to reduce plasma virus levels below the limits of detection. Most HAART regimens include drugs from at least two of the three classes of antiretroviral therapy (nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitors, non-nucleoside analog RT inhibitors, and protease inhibitors). In deciding when to initiate antiretroviral therapy, physicians and their patients must balance the virological and immunological benefits of early treatment with the costs of drug therapy, the risk of drug side effects, and the risk of drug resistance if adherence is suboptimal. In previously untreated patients, HIV-1 replication can be suppressed indefinitely with certain HAART regimens. In previously treated patients, the benefits of HAART are often significantly diminished.
高效抗逆转录病毒疗法（HAART）是指一大类治疗方案，通常由三种或更多种抗逆转录病毒药物组成，对于先前未接受治疗的HIV-1感染患者，预期可将血浆病毒水平降低至检测限以下。大多数HAART方案包括来自抗逆转录病毒疗法三类药物中至少两类的药物（核苷类似物逆转录酶（RT）抑制剂、非核苷类似物RT抑制剂和蛋白酶抑制剂）。在决定何时开始抗逆转录病毒治疗时，医生及其患者必须权衡早期治疗在病毒学和免疫学方面的益处与药物治疗成本、药物副作用风险以及依从性欠佳时产生耐药性的风险。在先前未接受治疗的患者中，某些HAART方案可无限期抑制HIV-1复制。在先前接受过治疗的患者中，HAART的益处通常会显著降低。
