Wickham R S, Rehwaldt M, Kefer C, Shott S, Abbas K, Glynn-Tucker E, Potter C, Blendowski C
Rush College of Nursing in Chicago, IL, USA.
Oncol Nurs Forum. 1999 May;26(4):697-706.
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: To increase knowledge about the nature, frequency, and quality-of-life (QOL) effects associated with taste changes after chemotherapy.
Cross-sectional, descriptive.
11 outpatient urban and suburban oncology centers.
284 adults who had received at least two chemotherapy cycles.
Patients completed a taste change questionnaire and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General, and nurses collected demographic and disease-related information. Descriptive statistics, Spearman correlations, chi-square, Mann-Whitney, and Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance were calculated.
Taste changes were frequent and at least moderately severe for many patients, who often reported dry mouth, decreased appetite, nausea, and vomiting. Cisplatin and doxorubicin were the agents most likely to be related to severe taste changes and to have caused greater distress from taste changes, which also were associated with decreased QOL. Oncology nurses and physicians rarely discussed taste changes with patients, who often tried changing the ways they seasoned their food.
Taste changes are a frequent and significant problem for patients receiving chemotherapy and have negative effects on patients' QOL. Oncology nurses and physicians typically do not offer self-management suggestions to patients. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING RESEARCH AND PRACTICE: Repeated-measures research may provide a clearer understanding of chemotherapy-associated taste changes over time. Studies to examine strategies suggested from this and other research as well as clinical literature may determine which self-care interventions are most useful. Nurses should inform patients that taste changes may occur following chemotherapy, provide self-management information, and assess for related problems that could increase chemotherapy morbidity.
目的/目标：增加对化疗后味觉改变的性质、频率及生活质量（QOL）影响的了解。
横断面描述性研究。
11家市区和郊区的门诊肿瘤中心。
284名接受了至少两个化疗周期的成年人。
患者完成味觉改变问卷和癌症治疗功能评估通用量表，护士收集人口统计学和疾病相关信息。计算描述性统计量、Spearman相关性、卡方检验、Mann-Whitney检验和Kruskal-Wallis单因素方差分析。
味觉改变很常见，许多患者至少有中度严重程度，他们常报告口干、食欲减退、恶心和呕吐。顺铂和阿霉素是最有可能与严重味觉改变相关且导致味觉改变引起更大痛苦的药物，这也与生活质量下降有关。肿瘤学护士和医生很少与患者讨论味觉改变，患者常尝试改变食物调味方式。
味觉改变是接受化疗患者常见且严重的问题，对患者生活质量有负面影响。肿瘤学护士和医生通常不向患者提供自我管理建议。对护理研究和实践的启示：重复测量研究可能会更清楚地了解化疗相关味觉改变随时间的变化。研究检查本研究及其他研究以及临床文献中提出的策略，可能会确定哪些自我护理干预最有用。护士应告知患者化疗后可能会出现味觉改变，提供自我管理信息，并评估可能增加化疗发病率的相关问题。
