Dijkers M
Rehabilitation Institute of Michigan and the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Wayne State University, Detroit 48201, USA.
Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 1999 May-Jun;78(3):286-300. doi: 10.1097/00002060-199905000-00022.
Quality of life is a term used in a number of disciplines, and definitions and conceptualizations vary from utility of health states to life satisfaction and from possession of socially desirable characteristics to positive affect. This article offers a taxonomy of measures of quality of life based on measurement characteristics, which are shown to closely parallel definitions and their underlying assumptions. The fact that basic philosophical issues and ethical assumptions underlie quality of life measurement is stressed. Clinimetric characteristics of quality of life measures (validity, reliability, responsiveness, sensitivity, practicality, face validity, interpretability) are reviewed. This article concludes with a discussion of a number of additional methodological issues, including the following: measurement of change in the quality of life; generic v disease-specific measures; the use of self-reports by persons with mental health or cognitive-communicative problems; and the use of proxy reporters of quality of life.
生活质量是多个学科中使用的一个术语，其定义和概念化范围从健康状态的效用到生活满意度，从拥有社会期望的特征到积极情感。本文基于测量特征提供了一份生活质量测量方法的分类法，这些特征与定义及其潜在假设密切平行。强调了基本哲学问题和伦理假设是生活质量测量的基础这一事实。回顾了生活质量测量方法的临床测量特征（效度、信度、反应度、敏感度、实用性、表面效度、可解释性）。本文最后讨论了一些其他方法学问题，包括以下内容：生活质量变化的测量；通用测量法与疾病特异性测量法；有心理健康或认知沟通问题的人使用自我报告；以及生活质量代理报告者的使用。
