Wilcoxon L A, Schrader S L, Sherif C W
Psychosom Med. 1976 Nov-Dec;38(6):399-417. doi: 10.1097/00006842-197611000-00005.
Thirty-three undergraduate students (11 males, 11 females taking oral contraceptives, and 11 females not taking oral contraceptives) filled out daily self-reports on pleasant activities, stressful events, moods, and somatic changes for 35 consecutive days. By randomly assigning each male a "pseudo" cycle, the data were analyzed to compare the three samples across the three phases of the menstrual cycle. The results indicated that males reported somewhat more stable but less positive experiences than females. While males reported a stable, low level of pain and water retention throughout the study, both female samples reported increases during the premenstrual and menstrual phases. Reports of negative affect, impaired concentration, and stressful events did not differ by samples, but significant sample by cycle interactions reflected differential increases in the two female samples during the premenstrual and menstrual phases. Subsequent analyses indicated that the experience of stressful events accounted for more of the variance than did cycle phase for these negative mood factors, but not for pain and water retention.
33名本科生（11名男性、11名服用口服避孕药的女性和11名未服用口服避孕药的女性）连续35天每天填写关于愉快活动、压力事件、情绪和身体变化的自我报告。通过为每位男性随机分配一个“假”周期，对数据进行分析，以比较三个样本在月经周期三个阶段的情况。结果表明，男性报告的经历比女性更稳定，但积极程度较低。在整个研究过程中，男性报告的疼痛和水分潴留水平稳定且较低，而两个女性样本在经前和经期阶段均报告有所增加。负面情绪、注意力不集中和压力事件的报告在不同样本之间没有差异，但样本与周期的显著交互作用反映出两个女性样本在经前和经期阶段有不同程度的增加。后续分析表明，对于这些负面情绪因素，压力事件的经历比周期阶段解释了更多的方差，但对于疼痛和水分潴留则不然。
