Dieterlen-Lièvre F, Beaupain D, Martin C
Ann Immunol (Paris). 1976 Nov-Dec;127(6):857-63.
Haemopoietic stem cells are currently considered as deriving exclusively from the embryonic yolk sac in birds and mammals. A new experimental approach has been devised: quail embryonic bodies are grafted on to chick yolk sacs before establishment of circulation, and allowed to develop. The proportions of quail and chick erythrocytes in the circulating blood are assayed through a differential immunohaemolysis technique. Up to 10 days of incubation, grafted quails have 80 to 95% chick erythrocytes. Between 10 and 13 days, quail erythrocytes appear in increasing proportions making up as much as 80% of the red blood cells in some embryos. Morphological analysis reveals that chick cells colonize transiently the spleen of grafted embryos between 10 and 12 days, and undergo erythropoiesis in that organ. However at 13 days chick cells have disappeared from the spleen of grafted embryos. It is concluded that yolk sac stem cells are capable of colonizing intraembryonic organs, but do not do permanently and that there is an intraembryonic source of definitive erythropoietic stem cells.
目前认为，鸟类和哺乳动物的造血干细胞仅来源于胚胎卵黄囊。现已设计出一种新的实验方法：在循环系统建立之前，将鹌鹑胚胎体移植到鸡的卵黄囊上，使其发育。通过差异免疫溶血技术检测循环血液中鹌鹑和鸡红细胞的比例。在孵化至10天期间，移植的鹌鹑中有80%至95%是鸡红细胞。在10至13天之间，鹌鹑红细胞的比例逐渐增加，在一些胚胎中占红细胞总数的80%。形态学分析显示，鸡细胞在10至12天之间短暂地在移植胚胎的脾脏中定植，并在该器官中进行红细胞生成。然而，在13天时，鸡细胞已从移植胚胎的脾脏中消失。结论是，卵黄囊干细胞能够定植于胚胎内器官，但不会永久定植，并且存在胚胎内确定的红细胞生成干细胞来源。
