Granholm Eric, Perry William, Filoteo J Vincent, Braff David
Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System.
Neuropsychology. 1999 Apr;13(2):271-281. doi: 10.1037//0894-4105.13.2.271.
Right and left hemisphere hypotheses have been proposed to account for cognitive deficits in schizophrenia. To examine these hypotheses, perception of global-local patterns was studied in 22 patients with schizophrenia and 28 normal comparison participants. The patients with schizophrenia showed an abnormally exaggerated global processing advantage when attention was divided between global and local levels but not when participants were instructed to attend to either the local or global level. This finding suggested a local processing (left hemisphere) deficit, which was overcome through strategic attentional allocation (instructional set). When the stimulus visual angle was reduced from 9 degrees to 3 degrees, the normal participants showed a shift from a local to a global processing advantage, but the patients did not. This finding suggested a more subtle deficit in strategic attentional processes that develop through exposure to stimulus context.
为了解释精神分裂症患者的认知缺陷，人们提出了左右半球假说。为检验这些假说，对22名精神分裂症患者和28名正常对照参与者进行了整体-局部模式知觉的研究。当注意力在整体和局部水平之间分配时，精神分裂症患者表现出异常夸张的整体加工优势，但当参与者被指示专注于局部或整体水平时则未出现这种情况。这一发现提示存在局部加工（左半球）缺陷，而这种缺陷可通过策略性注意力分配（指令集）得以克服。当刺激视角从9度减小到3度时，正常参与者表现出从局部加工优势向整体加工优势的转变，但患者却没有。这一发现提示，在通过接触刺激情境而发展起来的策略性注意力过程中存在更细微的缺陷。
