Mallion J M
CHU, Grenoble.
Rev Prat. 1999 Mar 1;49(5):483-8.
Blood pressure measurement remains the determining factor in defining hypertension. In daily practice, measurement in the practitioner's office is the reference used for diagnosis and follow-up. According to the classification established in the VIth Report of the NIH Joint National Committee in 1997, the upper normal value is below 139 mmHg for systolic and 89 mmHg for diastolic pressure. Hypertension cannot be confirmed by a single high measurement or at a single consultation. In addition, it should be remembered that: self-measurement should remain under medical control; its upper normal values (135/85) have the advantage of being obtained outside the medical setting; exercise tolerance tests, often using an ergometric bicycle, demonstrate the possibility of cardiovascular adaptation to physical exercise; ambulatory blood pressure measurement affords repeated measurements over 24 h, also with lower reference values (135/85 mmHg), and detects "white coat" hypertension and anomalies of the nycthemeral cycle.
血压测量仍然是定义高血压的决定性因素。在日常实践中，在医生办公室进行的测量是用于诊断和随访的参考标准。根据1997年美国国立卫生研究院联合国家委员会第六次报告中确立的分类，收缩压的正常上限值低于139 mmHg，舒张压低于89 mmHg。单次血压测量偏高或单次就诊时不能确诊高血压。此外，应记住：自我测量应在医疗监控下进行；其正常上限值（135/85）的优势在于能在医疗环境之外获得；运动耐量测试，通常使用测力计自行车，证明了心血管系统适应体育锻炼的可能性；动态血压测量可在24小时内进行多次测量，其参考值也较低（135/85 mmHg），并可检测出“白大衣”高血压和昼夜周期异常。
