Fullilove M T, Green L, Fullilove R E
New York State Psychiatric Institute, NY 10032, USA.
Am J Public Health. 1999 Jun;89(6):840-4. doi: 10.2105/ajph.89.6.840.
One factor contributing to the decay of inner-city areas, and to consequent excess mortality, is the massive loss of housing. This report studied the effects of a redevelopment project on social functioning in an inner-city community.
This ethnographic study included the following elements: a longitudinal study of 10 families living in renovated housing, repeated observations and photographing of the street scene, focus groups, and informal interviews with area residents. The project was located in the Bradhurst section of Harlem in New York City and was focused on a redevelopment effort sponsored by local congregations.
Those who were able to move into newly renovated housing found that their living conditions were greatly improved. Neighborhood revitalization lagged behind the rehabilitation of individual apartment houses. This uneven redevelopment was a visual and sensory reminder of "what had been." Residents missed the warmth and social support that existed in Harlem before its decline.
Rebuilding damaged housing contributes greatly to the well-being of inner-city residents. The current pace and scope of rebuilding are insufficient to restore lost vitality.
导致市中心城区衰败以及随之而来的过高死亡率的一个因素是住房的大量丧失。本报告研究了一个重建项目对市中心城区社区社会功能的影响。
这项人种学研究包括以下内容：对10户居住在翻新住房中的家庭进行纵向研究、对街道场景进行反复观察和拍照、焦点小组以及对该地区居民进行非正式访谈。该项目位于纽约市哈莱姆区的布拉德赫斯特地段，重点是由当地教会赞助的一项重建工作。
那些能够搬进新翻新住房的人发现他们的生活条件有了很大改善。社区振兴落后于单个公寓楼的修复。这种不均衡的重建在视觉和感官上让人想起“曾经的样子”。居民们怀念哈莱姆区衰落之前存在的温暖和社会支持。
修复受损住房对市中心城区居民的福祉有很大贡献。目前的重建速度和规模不足以恢复失去的活力。
