New York State Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA.
J Urban Health. 2011 Jun;88(3):381-9. doi: 10.1007/s11524-011-9585-2.
Serial forced displacement has been defined as the repetitive, coercive upheaval of groups. In this essay, we examine the history of serial forced displacement in American cities due to federal, state, and local government policies. We propose that serial forced displacement sets up a dynamic process that includes an increase in interpersonal and structural violence, an inability to react in a timely fashion to patterns of threat or opportunity, and a cycle of fragmentation as a result of the first two. We present the history of the policies as they affected one urban neighborhood, Pittsburgh's Hill District. We conclude by examining ways in which this problematic process might be addressed.
连续强制迁移被定义为群体的重复、强制动荡。在本文中，我们研究了由于联邦、州和地方政府政策，美国城市中连续强制迁移的历史。我们提出，连续强制迁移建立了一个动态过程，包括人际和结构暴力的增加、无法及时应对威胁或机会模式的能力，以及由于前两个因素而导致的碎片化循环。我们介绍了这些政策对匹兹堡希尔区一个城市社区的影响历史。最后，我们探讨了解决这一问题过程的方法。
