Zorn B, Virant-Klun I, Verdenik I, Meden-Vrtovec H
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Int J Androl. 1999 Jun;22(3):178-83. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2605.1999.00167.x.
To determine whether semen quality in Slovenians has changed over 14 years (1983-96), we analysed retrospectively the semen of 2343 healthy men with a normal spermiogram, who were partners of women with tubal infertility included in the IVF-ET programme. Age at semen collection, duration of sexual abstinence, semen volume, sperm concentration, total sperm count, percentage of spermatozoa with progressive motility, and normal morphology were determined. Multiple regression analysis was used to assess the changes in sperm characteristics according to the year of semen collection, year of the man's birth and the duration of sexual abstinence. Semen volume, sperm concentration, sperm count and total sperm motility did not change between 1983 and 1996, whereas between 1988 and 1996 rapid progressive sperm motility decreased by 0.95% per year (p < 0.0001). Semen volume, sperm concentration, and sperm count increased with duration of sexual abstinence. After adjustment for the year of semen collection and duration of sexual abstinence, multiple regression analysis showed that sperm concentration decreased by 0.67% per each successive year of birth (p = 0.03). Thus the sperm concentration decreased from 87.6 x 10(6)/mL in men born in the 1940s to 77.3 x 10(6)/mL in those born between 1956 and 1960. After 1960, sperm concentration was found to increase. In 2343 healthy men, no decline in semen quality, except in rapid progressive motility, was observed in the study period. Lower sperm concentration was found among men born between 1950 and 1960. This could be related to worse socio-economic status, stress or negative environmental factors in this time period.
为确定斯洛文尼亚男性的精液质量在14年（1983 - 1996年）间是否发生了变化，我们回顾性分析了2343名精子图谱正常的健康男性的精液，这些男性是接受体外受精 - 胚胎移植（IVF - ET）项目的输卵管性不孕女性的伴侣。测定了精液采集时的年龄、禁欲时间、精液量、精子浓度、总精子数、具有前向运动能力的精子百分比以及正常形态。采用多元回归分析来评估根据精液采集年份、男性出生年份和禁欲时间的精子特征变化。1983年至1996年间精液量、精子浓度、精子数和总精子活力没有变化，而1988年至1996年间快速前向运动精子活力每年下降0.95%（p < 0.0001）。精液量、精子浓度和精子数随禁欲时间增加。在对精液采集年份和禁欲时间进行调整后，多元回归分析显示每连续出生一年精子浓度下降0.67%（p = 0.03）。因此，精子浓度从20世纪40年代出生男性的87.6×10⁶/mL降至1956年至1960年出生男性的77.3×10⁶/mL。1960年以后，精子浓度有所增加。在2343名健康男性中，在研究期间除了快速前向运动能力外未观察到精液质量下降。在1950年至1960年出生的男性中发现精子浓度较低。这可能与该时间段较差的社会经济地位、压力或负面环境因素有关。
