Arciero P J, Vukovich M D, Holloszy J O, Racette S B, Kohrt W M
Division of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 1999 Jun;86(6):1930-5. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1999.86.6.1930.
The effects of a 10-day low-calorie diet (LCD; n = 8) or exercise training (ET; n = 8) on insulin secretion and action were compared in obese men (n = 9) and women (n = 7), aged 53 +/- 1 yr, with abnormal glucose tolerance by using a hyperglycemic clamp with superimposed arginine infusion and a high-fat drink. Body mass (LCD, 115 +/- 5 vs. 110 +/- 5 kg; ET, 111 +/- 7 vs. 109 +/- 7 kg; P < 0. 01) and fasting plasma glucose (LCD, 115 +/- 10 vs. 99 +/- 4 mg/dl; ET, 112 +/- 4 vs. 101 +/- 5 mg/dl, P < 0.01) and insulin (LCD, 23.9 +/- 5.6 vs. 15.2 +/- 3.9 microU/ml; ET, 17.6 +/- 1.9 vs. 13.9 +/- 2. 4 microU/ml; P < 0.05) decreased in both groups. There was a 40% reduction in plasma insulin during hyperglycemia (0-45 min) after LCD (peak: 118 +/- 18 vs. 71 +/- 14 microU/ml; P < 0.05) and ET (69 +/- 14 vs. 41 +/- 7 microU/ml; P < 0.05) and trends for reductions during arginine infusion and a high-fat drink. The 56% increase in glucose uptake after ET (4.95 +/- 0.90 vs. 7.74 +/- 0.82 mg. min-1. kg fat-free mass-1; P < 0.01) was significantly (P < 0.01) greater than the 19% increase (5.72 +/- 1.12 vs. 6.80 +/- 0.94 mg. min-1. kg fat-free mass-1; P = not significant) that occurred after LCD. The marked increase in glucose disposal after ET, despite lower insulin levels, suggests that short-term exercise is more effective than diet in enhancing insulin action in individuals with abnormal glucose tolerance.
在53±1岁、糖耐量异常的肥胖男性（n = 9）和女性（n = 7）中，采用高血糖钳夹试验并叠加精氨酸输注和高脂饮料，比较了为期10天的低热量饮食（LCD；n = 8）或运动训练（ET；n = 8）对胰岛素分泌和作用的影响。两组的体重（LCD组，115±5 vs. 110±5 kg；ET组，111±7 vs. 109±7 kg；P<0.01）、空腹血糖（LCD组，115±10 vs. 99±4 mg/dl；ET组，112±4 vs. 101±5 mg/dl，P<0.01）和胰岛素（LCD组，23.9±5.6 vs. 15.2±3.9 μU/ml；ET组，17.6±1.9 vs. 13.9±2.4 μU/ml；P<0.05）均下降。LCD组（峰值：118±18 vs. 71±14 μU/ml；P<0.05）和ET组（69±14 vs. 41±7 μU/ml；P<0.05）在高血糖期间（0 - 45分钟）血浆胰岛素降低40%，在精氨酸输注和高脂饮料期间有降低趋势。ET组后葡萄糖摄取增加56%（4.95±0.90 vs. 7.74±0.82 mg·min⁻¹·kg去脂体重⁻¹；P<0.01），显著（P<0.01）大于LCD组后增加的19%（5.72±1.12 vs. 6.80±0.94 mg·min⁻¹·kg去脂体重⁻¹；P无统计学意义）。尽管胰岛素水平较低，但ET组后葡萄糖处置显著增加，这表明短期运动在增强糖耐量异常个体的胰岛素作用方面比饮食更有效。
