McNally K M, Sorg B S, Chan E K, Welch A J, Dawes J M, Owen E R
Centre for Lasers and Applications, Macquarie University, NSW, Australia.
Lasers Surg Med. 1999;24(5):319-31. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1096-9101(1999)24:5<319::aid-lsm2>3.0.co;2-n.
The use of liquid and solid albumin protein solders to enhance laser tissue repairs has been shown to significantly improve postoperative results. The published results of laser-solder tissue repair studies have, however, indicated inconsistent success rates. This can be attributed to variations in laser irradiance, exposure time, solder composition, chromophore type, and concentration. An in vitro study was performed using indocyanine green-doped albumin protein solders in conjunction with an 808 nm diode laser to determine optimal laser and solder parameters for tissue repair in terms of tensile strength and stability during hydration.
STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-five different combinations of laser irradiance (6.4, 12.7, 19.1, 25.5, 31.8 W/cm2) and exposure time (20, 30, 40, 50, 100 or 40, 60, 80, 100, 200 seconds) were used. The effect of changing bovine serum albumin (BSA) concentration (25% and 60%) and indocyanine green (ICG) dye concentration (2.5 mg/ml and 0.25 mg/ml) of the protein solder on the tensile strength of the resulting bonds was investigated. The effect of hydration on bond stability was also investigated using both tensile strength and scanning electron microscopy analysis.
Tensile strength was observed to decrease significantly with increasing irradiance. An optimum exposure time was found to exist where further irradiation did not improve the tensile strength of the bond. Tensile strength was found to be greatly improved by increasing the BSA concentration. Finally, the lower ICG dye concentration increased the penetration depth of the laser light in the protein solder leading to higher tensile strengths. The strongest repairs were formed by using 6.4 W/cm2 irradiation for 50 seconds with a protein solder composed of 60% BSA and 0.25mg/ml ICG. In addition, the solid protein solder provided more stable adhesion to the tissue than did the liquid protein solder when the tissue was submerged in a hydrated environment.
This study greatly enhances the current understanding of the various factors affecting the soldering process. It provides a strong basis for optimization of the laser light delivery parameters and the solder constituents to achieve strong and reliable laser tissue repairs.
已证明使用液体和固体白蛋白蛋白焊料来增强激光组织修复可显著改善术后效果。然而，激光焊接组织修复研究已发表的结果显示成功率并不一致。这可归因于激光辐照度、照射时间、焊料成分、发色团类型和浓度的变化。进行了一项体外研究，使用吲哚菁绿掺杂的白蛋白蛋白焊料结合808纳米二极管激光，以确定在水化过程中的拉伸强度和稳定性方面组织修复的最佳激光和焊料参数。
研究设计/材料与方法：使用了激光辐照度（6.4、12.7、19.1、25.5、31.8瓦/平方厘米）和照射时间（20、30、40、50、100秒或40、60、80、100、200秒）的25种不同组合。研究了改变蛋白焊料中牛血清白蛋白（BSA）浓度（25%和60%）和吲哚菁绿（ICG）染料浓度（2.5毫克/毫升和0.25毫克/毫升）对所得结合物拉伸强度的影响。还使用拉伸强度和扫描电子显微镜分析研究了水化对结合稳定性的影响。
观察到拉伸强度随辐照度增加而显著降低。发现存在一个最佳照射时间，在此之后进一步照射不会提高结合物的拉伸强度。发现通过增加BSA浓度可大大提高拉伸强度。最后，较低的ICG染料浓度增加了激光在蛋白焊料中的穿透深度，从而导致更高的拉伸强度。使用由60% BSA和0.25毫克/毫升ICG组成的蛋白焊料，以6.4瓦/平方厘米的辐照度照射50秒，形成了最强的修复。此外，当组织浸没在水化环境中时，固体蛋白焊料比液体蛋白焊料对组织的粘附更稳定。
本研究极大地增进了当前对影响焊接过程的各种因素的理解。它为优化激光传输参数和焊料成分以实现强大而可靠的激光组织修复提供了坚实的基础。
