Kwapil T R, Chapman L J, Chapman J
Dept. of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 27402-6164, USA.
Schizophr Bull. 1999;25(2):363-75. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a033384.
The Wisconsin Manual for Assessing Psychotic-like Experiences is an interview-based assessment system for rating psychotic and psychotic-like symptoms on a continuum of deviancy from normal to grossly psychotic. The original manual contained six scales, assessing thought transmission, passivity experiences, thought withdrawal, auditory experiences, personally relevant aberrant beliefs, and visual experiences. A seventh scale assessing deviant olfactory experiences was subsequently added. The rating scales have good interrater reliability when used by trained raters. Cross-sectional studies indicated that the frequency and deviancy of psychotic-like experiences are elevated among college students who were identified, hypothetically, as psychosis prone by other criteria. Psychotic-like experiences of moderate deviancy in college students successfully predicted the development of psychotic illness and poorer overall adjustment 10 years later. The manual is useful for identifying psychosis-prone individuals and is recommended for use in linkage and treatment outcome studies. The present article provides an interview schedule for collecting information required for rating psychotic-like experiences.
《威斯康星州类精神病体验评估手册》是一种基于访谈的评估系统，用于对从正常到严重精神病态的异常连续体上的精神病性和类精神病性症状进行评分。原始手册包含六个量表，评估思维传递、被动体验、思维中断、听觉体验、个人相关的异常信念和视觉体验。随后增加了第七个评估异常嗅觉体验的量表。当由训练有素的评估者使用时，这些评分量表具有良好的评估者间信度。横断面研究表明，在假设根据其他标准被确定为易患精神病的大学生中，类精神病体验的频率和异常程度有所升高。大学生中中度异常的类精神病体验成功预测了10年后精神病性疾病的发展和整体适应能力较差的情况。该手册有助于识别易患精神病的个体，推荐用于关联研究和治疗结果研究。本文提供了一个访谈提纲，用于收集对类精神病体验进行评分所需的信息。
