Pérez-Martín J
Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CSIC, Madrid, Spain.
FEMS Microbiol Rev. 1999 Jul;23(4):503-23. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6976.1999.tb00410.x.
A central problem in eukaryotic transcription is how proteins gain access to DNA packaged in nucleosomes. Research on the interplay between chromatin and transcription has progressed with the use of yeast genetics as a useful tool to characterize factors involved in this process. These factors have both positive and negative effects on the stability of nucleosomes, thereby controlling the role of chromatin in transcription in vivo. The negative effectors include the structural components of chromatin, the histones and non-histone chromatin associated proteins, as well as regulatory components like chromatin assembly factors and histone deacetylase complexes. The positive factors are involved in remodeling chromatin and several multiprotein complexes have been described: Swi/Snf, Srb/mediator and SAGA. The components of each of these complexes, as well as the functional relationships between them are covered by this review.
真核生物转录中的一个核心问题是蛋白质如何接触到包装在核小体中的DNA。随着酵母遗传学作为一种有用工具的使用，关于染色质与转录之间相互作用的研究取得了进展，该工具用于表征参与这一过程的因子。这些因子对核小体的稳定性既有正面影响也有负面影响，从而在体内控制染色质在转录中的作用。负效应因子包括染色质的结构成分、组蛋白和与染色质相关的非组蛋白，以及诸如染色质组装因子和组蛋白脱乙酰酶复合物等调控成分。正因子参与染色质重塑，并且已经描述了几种多蛋白复合物：Swi/Snf、Srb/中介体和SAGA。本综述涵盖了这些复合物各自的组成成分以及它们之间的功能关系。
