Johnson C, Powers P S, Dick R
Eating Disorders Program, Laureate Psychiatric Clinic and Hospital, Tulsa, Oklahoma 74136, USA.
Int J Eat Disord. 1999 Sep;26(2):179-88. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1098-108x(199909)26:2<179::aid-eat7>3.0.co;2-z.
To present findings from a collaborative study with the National College Athletic Association regarding the prevalence of disordered eating among student athletes.
1,445 student athletes from 11 Division 1 schools were surveyed using a 133-item questionnaire.
Results indicated that 1.1% of the females met DSM-IV criteria for bulimia nervosa versus 0% for males. None of the student athletes met DSM-IV criteria for anorexia nervosa. 9.2% of the females were identified as having clinically significant problems with bulimia versus .01% of the males. 2.85% of the females were identified as having a clinically significant problem with anorexia nervosa versus 0% for males. 10.85% of the females reported binge eating on a weekly or greater basis versus 13.02% of the males 5.52% of the females reported purging behavior (vomiting, laxatives, diuretics) on a weekly or greater basis versus 2.04% for the males.
Results from the current investigation are more conservative than previous studies of student athletes, but comparable to another large study of elite Norwegian athletes. Reasons for these differences are discussed. Clearly female athletes report more difficulty with disordered eating than male athletes. Some specific risk factors for female athletes are discussed.
呈现与美国国家大学体育协会合作开展的一项关于学生运动员饮食失调患病率研究的结果。
使用一份包含133个条目的问卷对来自11所第一级别学校的1445名学生运动员进行了调查。
结果表明，1.1%的女性符合神经性贪食症的《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版标准，而男性为0%。没有学生运动员符合神经性厌食症的《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版标准。9.2%的女性被认定存在临床上显著的神经性贪食问题，而男性为0.01%。2.85%的女性被认定存在临床上显著的神经性厌食症问题，男性为0%。10.85%的女性报告每周或更频繁地暴饮暴食，而男性为13.02%。5.52%的女性报告每周或更频繁地进行清除行为（呕吐、使用泻药、利尿剂），而男性为2.04%。
本次调查结果比之前关于学生运动员的研究更为保守，但与另一项针对挪威精英运动员的大型研究结果相当。讨论了这些差异产生的原因。显然，女性运动员在饮食失调方面比男性运动员面临更多困难。讨论了女性运动员的一些特定风险因素。
