Jemmott J B, Jemmott L S, Fong G T, McCaffree K
Princeton University, Department of Psychology, New Jersey 08544-1010, USA.
Am J Community Psychol. 1999 Apr;27(2):161-87. doi: 10.1007/BF02503158.
This randomized controlled trial tested the effects of a theory-based culture-sensitive HIV risk-reduction intervention among 496 inner-city African American adolescents (mean age = 13 years) and examined the generality of its effects as a function of the facilitator's race and gender and the gender composition of the intervention group. Adolescents who received the HIV risk-reduction intervention expressed more favorable behavioral beliefs about condoms, greater self-efficacy, and stronger condom-use intentions postintervention than did those who received a control intervention on other health issues. Six-month follow-up data collected on 93% of the adolescents revealed that those who received the HIV risk-reduction intervention reported less HIV risk-associated sexual behavior, including unprotected coitus, than did their counterparts in the control condition. Self-reported sexual behavior and changes in self-reported behavior were unrelated to scores on a standard measure of social desirability response bias. There was strong evidence for the generality of intervention effects. Moderator analyses testing eight specific interaction hypotheses and correlational analyses indicated that the effects of the HIV risk-reduction intervention did not vary as a function of the facilitator's race or gender, participant's gender, or the gender composition of the intervention group.
这项随机对照试验测试了一项基于理论的、对文化敏感的降低艾滋病毒风险干预措施对496名市中心非裔美国青少年（平均年龄 = 13岁）的影响，并考察了其效果作为促进者种族和性别以及干预组性别构成的函数的普遍性。与接受其他健康问题对照干预的青少年相比，接受降低艾滋病毒风险干预的青少年在干预后对避孕套表达了更积极的行为信念、更强的自我效能感和更强的使用避孕套意图。对93%的青少年收集的六个月随访数据显示，接受降低艾滋病毒风险干预的青少年报告的与艾滋病毒风险相关的性行为（包括无保护性交）比对照条件下的同龄人少。自我报告的性行为和自我报告行为的变化与社会期望反应偏差标准测量的得分无关。有强有力的证据证明干预效果具有普遍性。对八个特定交互作用假设进行的调节分析和相关分析表明，降低艾滋病毒风险干预的效果并不因促进者的种族或性别、参与者的性别或干预组的性别构成而有所不同。
