de Micheli-Serra A
Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chavez, Departamento de Farmacología, México, D.F.
Gac Med Mex. 1999 May-Jun;135(3):323-8.
A short outline of the evolution of electrology throughout the XVIII century is presented. Emphasis is done on the topic of so-called animal electricity, whose study mainly developed due to the initial research of the Bolognese professor Luigi Galvani. In 1791, he made known his experimental results, submitting them to the criticism of contemporaneous scientists, Galvani and his pupils thought that the electrical phenomena observed in frogs were due to the electricity inherent to these animals (animal electricity), while their opponents, such as the physicist Alessandro Volta, attributed them to the action of the metallic conductors utilized (contact electricity). They were wrong to admit an unique type of electricity, because both types exist. Galvani's investigations encouraged Volta's research, which gave rise to the invention of the electric battery and its uses. Moreover Galvani's studies opened the immense and rich field of electrophysiology.
本文简要概述了18世纪整个电学的发展历程。重点介绍了所谓的动物电这一主题，其研究主要是由于博洛尼亚教授路易吉·伽伐尼的初步研究而得以发展。1791年，他公布了自己的实验结果，并将其提交给同时代科学家进行批评。伽伐尼及其学生认为，在青蛙身上观察到的电现象是由于这些动物固有的电（动物电），而他们的对手，如物理学家亚历山德罗·伏特，则将其归因于所使用的金属导体的作用（接触电）。他们错误地认为只有一种电，因为两种电都存在。伽伐尼的研究鼓励了伏特的研究，后者促成了电池的发明及其应用。此外，伽伐尼的研究开创了广阔而丰富的电生理学领域。
