Strunnikov A V, Jessberger R
National Institutes of Health, NICHD, Laboratory of Molecular Embryology, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Eur J Biochem. 1999 Jul;263(1):6-13. doi: 10.1046/j.1432-1327.1999.00509.x.
The evolutionarily-conserved eukaryotic SMC (structural maintenance of chromosomes) proteins are ubiquitous chromosomal components in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The eukaryotic SMC proteins form two kind of heterodimers: the SMC1/SMC3 and the SMC2/SMC4 types. These heterodimers constitute an essential part of higher order complexes, which are involved in chromatin and DNA dynamics. The two most prominent and best-characterized complexes are cohesin and condensin, necessary for sister chromatid cohesion and chromosome condensation. Here we discuss these functions together with additional roles in gene dosage compensation and DNA recombination.
进化上保守的真核生物SMC（染色体结构维持）蛋白是原核生物和真核生物中普遍存在的染色体成分。真核生物SMC蛋白形成两种异源二聚体：SMC1/SMC3型和SMC2/SMC4型。这些异源二聚体构成了高阶复合物的重要组成部分，参与染色质和DNA动态变化。两种最突出且特征最明确的复合物是黏连蛋白和凝聚蛋白，它们对于姐妹染色单体黏连和染色体凝聚是必需的。在此，我们将讨论这些功能以及在基因剂量补偿和DNA重组中的其他作用。
