Burg J R, Gist G L
Exposure and Disease Registry Branch, Division of Health Studies, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA.
Arch Environ Health. 1999 Jul-Aug;54(4):231-41. doi: 10.1080/00039899909602480.
The establishment of the National Exposure Registry represents the first major effort toward longitudinal surveillance of general populations exposed long-term to low levels of specific substances in the environment. The authors investigated the National Exposure Registry's Trichloroethylene Subregistry intrasubregistry differences with respect to health outcomes and the possible relationships with types and levels of chemical exposure. Investigators divided the 4041 living members of the Trichloroethylene Subregistry into 4 subgroups, by type(s) of exposures (chemicals) and duration and level of exposures. The authors compared the reporting rates for 25 health outcomes across subgroups. The authors used logistic regression, in which age, sex, education, smoking history, and occupational history were the covariates. Statistically significant increases in reporting rates were seen with (a) increased maximum trichloroethylene exposures for the outcome stroke, (b) increased cumulative chemical exposure for respiratory allergies, and (c) duration of exposure for hearing impairment. Consistently elevated reporting rates across the exposure subgroups were seen for hearing impairment, speech impairment, asthma and emphysema, respiratory allergies, and stroke. Reporting rates for urinary tract disorders were related only to cumulative chemical levels. The authors noted that there appeared to be a relationship between trichloroethylene and reporting rates for speech impairment, hearing impairment, and stroke and between volatile organic compounds and asthma and emphysema, respiratory allergies, and urinary tract disorders.
国家暴露登记处的建立标志着首次对长期暴露于环境中低水平特定物质的普通人群进行纵向监测的重大努力。作者调查了国家暴露登记处三氯乙烯子登记处内部在健康结果方面的差异以及与化学暴露类型和水平的可能关系。研究人员根据暴露（化学物质）类型、暴露持续时间和暴露水平，将三氯乙烯子登记处的4041名在世成员分为4个亚组。作者比较了各亚组25种健康结果的报告率。作者使用逻辑回归分析，其中年龄、性别、教育程度、吸烟史和职业史为协变量。结果发现，报告率在统计学上有显著增加的情况为：（a）中风这一结果的三氯乙烯最大暴露量增加；（b）呼吸道过敏的累积化学暴露增加；（c）听力障碍的暴露持续时间增加。在所有暴露亚组中，听力障碍、言语障碍、哮喘和肺气肿、呼吸道过敏以及中风的报告率持续升高。泌尿系统疾病的报告率仅与累积化学物质水平有关。作者指出，三氯乙烯与言语障碍、听力障碍和中风的报告率之间似乎存在关联，挥发性有机化合物与哮喘和肺气肿、呼吸道过敏以及泌尿系统疾病之间似乎也存在关联。
