Mikkola-Salo V, Arve S, Lehtonen A, Routasalo P
Hoitotiede. 1998;10(4):207-15.
The purposes of the study were to find out relatives' opinions about the care of dying patients as well as to find out how relatives assess the nursing care which was given to their nearest on the hospital wards. In order to collect the data for the study, the family members of patients (N = 628) who had died not more than one year before in the hospital, were interviewed. The interviewing was done by sending a questionnaire to every other relative (N = 314), 210 of which (62%) answered the questions. The answers to the structured questions were analyzed with the SAS-software and open-ended questions by the content analysis method. The relatives found that the hospital ward was quite a suitable environment for the nursing care of a dying patient. They found visiting hours flexible but they wished that they had the possibility to rest or stay over night in the hospital. The health care professionals responsible for the care of dying patients were considered to succeed in the field of the patient's rest and hygiene, but they took less well care of patient's physical exercise and dental hygiene. The relatives were satisfied with the pain relief the patient got. According to the relatives, examinations, medication, nursing interventions or the "futile" care given did not cause additional suffering. Although the nurses did not response to patients' spiritual well-being or needs of affections, they were able to make the patients happy with their kindness, presence and with good basic care. The relatives were best informed about patients' every day well-being, medication as well as practical matters concerning the time after the death of the patient. If the patient was transferred to another hospital for the terminal care, the relatives found, however, that they didn't get enough information of the situation. The health care professionals did not console the relatives for their grief and they had not been encouraged to participate in the care of their family members.
该研究的目的是了解亲属对临终患者护理的看法，以及亲属如何评价在医院病房给予其至亲的护理。为了收集该研究的数据，对在医院去世不超过一年的患者（N = 628）的家庭成员进行了访谈。通过向每隔一位亲属（N = 314）发送问卷进行访谈，其中210人（62%）回答了问题。使用SAS软件对结构化问题的答案进行分析，对开放式问题采用内容分析法进行分析。亲属们发现医院病房是临终患者护理的相当合适的环境。他们发现探视时间灵活，但希望自己有可能在医院休息或过夜。负责临终患者护理的医护人员在患者的休息和卫生方面被认为做得很成功，但在患者的体育锻炼和口腔卫生方面做得较差。亲属们对患者得到的疼痛缓解感到满意。据亲属们说，检查、用药、护理干预或给予的“无效”护理没有造成额外的痛苦。尽管护士没有回应患者的精神健康或情感需求，但他们能够以友善、陪伴和良好的基础护理让患者开心。亲属们对患者的日常健康状况、用药以及患者去世后的实际事宜了解得最清楚。然而，如果患者被转到另一家医院进行临终护理，亲属们发现他们没有得到足够的情况信息。医护人员没有安慰亲属的悲痛，也没有鼓励他们参与对其家庭成员的护理。
