Le Bihan-Duval E, Millet N, Remignon H
Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Station de Recherches Avicoles, Nouzilly, France.
Poult Sci. 1999 Jun;78(6):822-6. doi: 10.1093/ps/78.6.822.
Ultimate pH (pHu), color measurements, and water holding capacity of the chicken Pectoralis major muscle were compared between birds of an experimental line selected for 13 generations for increased BW and breast meat yield and reduced abdominal fat percentage and its control line. Ultimate pH differed slightly between lines after selection, with values of 5.78 +/- 0.10 and 5.68 +/- 0.12 in the selected and control birds, respectively. Drip loss was significantly lower in the selected birds. Although selection did not modify lightness L*, it led to paler meat, as redness a* and yellowness b* were significantly lower in the selected line than in the control line. Ultimate pH of the meat was related to lightness and drip loss (with mean correlations over both lines of -0.59 and -0.40, respectively). Storage of the meat resulted in similar color variation in both lines, with a significant increase in a* and b* until 3 d postslaughter and in L* after 6 d postslaughter. Estimates of the genetic parameters of the criteria of meat quality were calculated in the selected line. The estimates suggested that there is a predominant role of genetics in the control of these traits, with heritability estimates of 0.49 +/- 0.11 for pHu, 0.75 +/- 0.08 for L*, 0.81 +/- 0.04 for a*, and 0.64 +/- 0.06 for b*. A significant negative genetic correlation (-0.65) was found between pHu and L*. The genetic correlation between a* and b* measurements was estimated at 0.72.
对经过13代选育以提高体重和胸肉产量并降低腹脂率的实验品系鸡及其对照品系鸡的胸大肌的最终pH值（pHu）、颜色测定和持水能力进行了比较。选育后品系间的最终pH值略有差异，选育鸡和对照鸡的值分别为5.78±0.10和5.68±0.12。选育鸡的滴水损失显著更低。虽然选育没有改变亮度L*，但由于选育品系中的肉红色度a和黄色度b显著低于对照品系，所以肉色更浅。肉的最终pH值与亮度和滴水损失相关（两品系的平均相关性分别为-0.59和-0.40）。肉品储存导致两品系的颜色变化相似，屠宰后3天内a和b显著增加，屠宰后6天L增加。在选育品系中计算了肉质标准的遗传参数估计值。这些估计值表明，遗传学在这些性状的控制中起主要作用，pHu的遗传力估计值为0.49±0.11，L为0.75±0.08，a为0.81±0.04，b为0.64±0.06。发现pHu和L之间存在显著的负遗传相关性（-0.65）。a和b*测量值之间的遗传相关性估计为0.72。
