Li S, Xu J, He M, Wu K, Munoz S R, Ellwein L B
Zongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Peoples Republic of China.
Ophthalmology. 1999 Aug;106(8):1602-8. doi: 10.1016/S0161-6420(99)90459-1.
To assess blindness prevalence and that caused specifically by cataract in rural southern China.
Population-based, cross-sectional study.
A total of 5342 persons older than 50 years of age.
Visual acuity and eye examinations were performed in the summer of 1997 in a random sample of villages in Doumen County. Differences in blindness prevalence associated with age, gender, and education were explored using logistic regression. The survey was preceded by a pilot study in which operational methods were refined and quality assurance measures were performed.
Distance visual acuity and lens status.
Bilateral blindness (presenting visual acuity < 0.10) was found in 4.37% (95% confidence interval, 3.67%-5.06%). Blindness was associated with increasing age (P < 0.001) and with the lack of education (P < 0.01). Cataract was the principal cause of blindness in at least one eye in 61.5% of blind people, with refractive error responsible for another 10%. An estimated 40% of the cataract blind were operated on; surgical coverage was lowest among the elderly, women, and those without schooling, although not at statistically significant levels.
Despite the increased attention given to eye care in Doumen County, blindness remains a major public health problem. Cataract surgery is reaching fewer than half of those who could benefit from it.
评估中国南方农村地区的失明患病率以及白内障导致的失明患病率。
基于人群的横断面研究。
共有5342名年龄超过50岁的人。
1997年夏季，在斗门县的随机抽样村庄中进行了视力和眼部检查。使用逻辑回归探讨与年龄、性别和教育程度相关的失明患病率差异。在调查之前进行了一项试点研究，对操作方法进行了完善并实施了质量保证措施。
远距离视力和晶状体状态。
双侧失明（视力<0.10）的发生率为4.37%（95%置信区间，3.67%-5.06%）。失明与年龄增长（P<0.001）和缺乏教育（P<0.01）有关。白内障是至少一只眼睛失明的主要原因，在61.5%的盲人中，屈光不正导致的失明占另外10%。估计40%的白内障盲人接受了手术；手术覆盖率在老年人、女性和未受过教育的人群中最低，尽管未达到统计学显著水平。
尽管斗门县对眼保健的关注度有所提高，但失明仍然是一个主要的公共卫生问题。白内障手术惠及的人群不到可受益人群的一半。
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