Babisch W, Ising H, Gallacher J E, Sweetnam P M, Elwood P C
Institute for Water, Soil, and Air Hygiene, Federal Environmental Agency, Berlin, Germany.
Arch Environ Health. 1999 May-Jun;54(3):210-6. doi: 10.1080/00039899909602261.
The authors tested the hypothesis that prolonged exposure to road traffic noise causes ischemic heart disease in a 10-y follow-up cohort study of middle-aged men. In the Caerphilly and Speedwell studies, 2512 and 2348 men, respectively, who were 45-59 y of age were seen in the initial cross-sectional phase and at follow-up intervals of 10 y. Adjusted odds ratios of 1.1 (95% confidence interval = 0.6, 1.9) and 0.9 (95% confidence interval = 0.6, 1.4) were found in the total cohorts. However, the relative risk was 1.3 (95% confidence interval = 0.8, 2.2) in the pooled reconstructed cohort of men who were followed for 6 y (i.e., from phase 2 to phase 3) and for whom room orientation and window-opening habits could be considered. Furthermore, the relative risk increased to 1.6 (95% confidence interval = 0.9, 3.0) in the subsample of men who had lived at least 15 y in their present homes at the time of recruitment. Living adjacent to streets with high traffic noise levels was associated with an adjusted (for covariates) increase in relative risk of 1.01-1.02/y in residence--a result that was only borderline significant (p < .10).
在一项针对中年男性的10年随访队列研究中，作者检验了长期暴露于道路交通噪音会导致缺血性心脏病这一假设。在卡菲利和斯皮德韦尔研究中，最初的横断面研究阶段分别纳入了2512名和2348名年龄在45至59岁之间的男性，并对他们进行了为期10年的随访。在整个队列中，调整后的优势比分别为1.1（95%置信区间=0.6, 1.9）和0.9（95%置信区间=0.6, 1.4）。然而，在随访6年（即从第2阶段到第3阶段）且可以考虑房间朝向和开窗习惯的男性合并重建队列中，相对风险为1.3（95%置信区间=0.8, 2.2）。此外，在招募时已在其当前住所居住至少15年的男性子样本中，相对风险增加到1.6（95%置信区间=0.9, 3.0）。居住在交通噪音水平高的街道附近与居住期间经协变量调整后的相对风险每年增加1.01至1.02相关——这一结果仅具有临界显著性（p < 0.10）。
